Geophilus is a much longer animal than Lithobius, for its body may
consist of from 80 to 180 rings. The species have no eyes. Several of
them are common, especially in the south of England, and possess, as
do many genera of the same family, the property of phosphorescence,
whence have arisen the stories of ‘luminous earthworms’ current from
time to time. _Geophilus crassipes_ is the form most frequently
captured when displaying its light. It is from one inch to two inches
long, of a reddish-orange colour, and somewhat worm-like in shape. Mr.
Pocock, of the British Museum (Natural History), says: ‘The property
of luminosity lies in an adhesive fluid secreted by glands which open
upon the lower surface of the body, and the power of discharging or
retaining the fluid appears to be entirely under the centipede’s
control. The phenomenon is observable during the autumn months, from
about the middle of September to the end of November, and although its
significance is not clearly understood, it is generally believed to be
connected with the pairing of the sexes[40].’
During a visit to the seaside it is well to look out for specimens of
a marine Centipede, which is, apparently, not very common. It is said
to occur ‘under stones and sea-weeds on the shore at or near Plymouth’;
and in 1895 I had the good fortune to meet with one at Bexhill.
This Centipede does not live in the sea, but will survive prolonged
immersion in salt water. It is far too valuable for us to pick to
pieces, so that, if we should have the good fortune to meet with one,
we should carefully examine it, making what notes are necessary, and
then pickle the specimen and send it to the British Museum, Cromwell
Road, S.W. The tube should be labelled with the place and date of
capture, and it should be stated on the label whether the animal was
taken above or below high-water mark.
The Common Millepede--often miscalled the wireworm--is readily
distinguished by the absence of poison-claws, and its cylindrical
worm-like appearance. De Geer, who of course adopted the Linnaean
definition of ‘Insects,’ says of the Millepedes of the genus Julus, to
which our Common Millepede (_Ju´lus terres´tris_) belongs: ‘They
form, as it were, the last link of the chain which unites the class of
Insects to that of Worms, for the body is elongated and cylindrical;
and though they have a great number of feet, these are so short, that
when these animals walk, they seem rather to glide along after the
fashion of legless worms[41].’
[Illustration: FIG. 64.--The Common Millepede.]
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