Time Telling through the AgesBrearley, Harry Chase
History
Time Telling through the Ages
Brearley, Harry Chase
Clocks and watches -- History; Time measurements
Many legendary stories are told about Tompion's work. It has been set
down in cold print that Queen Mary gave one of his watches to Philip II
of Spain, and that he made watches for Queen Elizabeth. Unfortunately
for such stories, Tompion was not born until 1638, by which time both
Mary and Elizabeth had been dead for some years. But though the legends
themselves are untrue, yet they do shed some light upon their subject,
for such stories, true or false, are not told about unimportant men.
And it is true that Tompion grew so celebrated that at his death, in
1713, he was buried in Westminster Abbey, where only the great may have
resting-places.
Another famous watchmaker was George Graham, the inventor of the
mercury pendulum. He first was Tompion's journeyman, then his partner,
and at last became a well-known astronomer, having become interested
in astronomy through making astronomical clocks. But his great
contribution was the invention of the _dead-beat escapement_, which,
in one form or another, is in use in all the best clocks and watches
of the present time, and which has had more to do with making their
accuracy possible than has any other improvement since the discovery
of the isochronism of the pendulum and hair-springs. Graham, also, is
buried in Westminster Abbey; his body lies beside that of Tompion, his
teacher and friend.
Another famous figure was Daniel Quare, the first to devise the
mechanism for driving the two hands as we have it to-day. Quare was
a Quaker, and was no less prominent in the Society of Friends than in
his business. As a Quaker, he was opposed to taking an oath of any
kind, and was what we now call a "conscientious objector" to warfare.
Therefore, at the same time that he was being honored by royalty for
his work, he was being prosecuted and fined for his refusal to pay
taxes for the support of the army and of the Established Church. When
he was made clock-maker to King George I, means had to be devised for
excusing him from taking the oath of allegiance.
It was Quare who originated the practise of giving to each watch a
serial number, so that it could always be identified. This is, of
course, a common custom with us; we also number automobiles, and many
other manufactured articles of value, and Quare's device of numbering
watch-movements may very well have given the start to all this.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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