Aboriginal Australians -- Government relations; Dunk Island (Qld.); Natural history -- Australia -- Queensland
The ridges and furrows of the cyclone season, when the clean sand is
covered and stained with weed, dead and living molluscs, coral, leaves
carried from the hills by flooded streams, all fermenting in the heat,
tell that Christmas is past and March not yet over. Many a year passes
without such a storm as compels the groaning ocean to ravage its reefs.
Then the beaches, during the first three months are not particularly
fertile, nor are the shells to be found special or peculiar. In April
many specimens of the mollusc known as Tapes, of which there are several
species, are cast ashore, empty but fresh. In life the animal buries
itself in the mud at the edge of the sand, and some disturbance of
natural conditions, possibly due to the fresh water from flooded rivers,
causes seasonal mortality. The most conspicuous of the species is that
known as “literati,” because of the erratic scribblings decorating its
valves. With others of the genera, it is to be found cast away at other
times of the year, but the end of the wet season seems exceptionally
direful.
April is confirmed, too, but transiently, by the presence of a frail
mollusc (HAMINAEA CYMBALUM) which is washed ashore attached to seaweed,
soon to disappear desiccated by the sun and ground to powder. The shell
is semi-transparent with a sandy tint, and in form not unlike that of
a common snail. As the weather becomes cooler, a thin, delicate bivalve
decorates high-water mark. It is one of the tellinas--semi-transparent,
lustrous, and fragile--which occurs in muddy sand, but why the species
should be more susceptible to the ills of life during a particular
season is not apparent. When the fates do conspire against its welfare
dozen of bright specimens may be picked up during a casual stroll, the
animal having disappeared. The epidemic the beach thus announced
with pink and glittering shells coincides with low night tides, which
possibly leave the inefficiently protected animals exposed to the
attacks of uncustomary enemies which thrive only when the muddy banks
are exposed. The cause of the exhibition of the relics is not of so much
concern to the unlearned observer as the relics themselves and the part
they play in signifying the progress of the season. If strong winds
occur during the cool months, among the wreaths of broken seaweed thrown
on the beach may be found unbroken and fresh specimens of a singularly
beautiful and fragile univalve known commonly and most appropriately as
the “bubble shell” (HYDATINA PHYSIS), which when alive is a most lovely
object, its fine spiral lines being black and faint yellow with faint
purple edges, while the mantle is fringed with light blue intermingled
with pale yellow. In some specimens the base colouring is fawn, the
lines, of varying width, being brown and “comely crinkled,” like the
face of the pleasant old woman of whom a poet wrote. Such a frail shell
is subject to many mischances before it reaches the beach, and a few
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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