They also wear attached to the wrists thick bands of black leather made soft with balsam, and decorated with a large bead of chalchihuitl or other precious stone. They also wore labrets of chalchihuitl set in gold, placed through the flesh, although they do not have this custom now. They also have these ornaments made of large rock-crystals, with blue feathers set in them, which give them the appearance of sapphires. They wear also many other precious stones protruding through openings made in the lower lip. The noses of the great lords are also pierced, and they wear in the openings fine turquoises and other precious stones, one on each side. They wear also some strings of precious stones around the neck; they wear a disc of gold hanging from a collar, and in the middle of it a plain precious stone, and around the circumference some pendants of pearls. They use bracelets of mosaic-work made of turquois, with some rich feathers which come out from them higher than the head, and bordered with rich plumes and gold, and some bands of gold which rise with the feathers.[68] [Illustration: PL. XIV MASK OF WOOD WITH MOSAIC DECORATION MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN HEYE FOUNDATION. NEW YORK] The distinctive head-band or crown worn by the Mexican rulers is mentioned by numerous early writers and illustrated in many codices. It was known as the _xiuhtzolli_ or _xiuhuitzontli_, and was called also _copilli_. We have selected for illustration (fig. 6) two examples from the codices. The first (_a_) is taken from the Sahagun manuscript of the Real Academia de la Historia, Madrid (estampa XVII). This page contains pictures of a number of Aztecan rulers, all represented with the turquois-mosaic crown painted blue. Moreover, the hieroglyphic name of Montezuma, here placed above his head, is a mosaic crown. The crown itself was of gold, on which the turquois mosaic was placed. The other example (_b_) is from the Tribute Roll of Montezuma (Peñafiel edition, pl. XIX). It is part of the hieroglyph for the place-name Tecmilco, signifying “the lands of the royal crown,” the combination being the crown painted blue resting on the sign for cultivated land. Our figure shows a plain gold crown, but it is painted blue in the codex. [Illustration: _a_ FIG. 6 _b_] A copper crown from Tenango, State of Mexico, has been figured by Peñafiel. It is properly a head-band with a triangular projection with rounded top which rose from the forehead, and was probably worn by a warrior or sub-chief.[69] In this work Peñafiel illustrates the mask in Rome (see our pl. VII), and states that the upper part is a _xiuhhuitzolli_, or turquois-mosaic crown. We will discuss this point later. Many years ago, in Mexico, the writer heard of a gold _copilli_ as having been found in the Matlaltzincan region near Toluca, but was never able to verify the story. A few extracts from the chroniclers, relating to these golden crowns with turquois mosaic, follow.