In this census are not included the minor objects with mosaic
decoration, which we will also describe. Of the forty-five pieces
enumerated, all but three are of wood; two are human skulls, and one a
human femur. As the European specimens have hitherto been described,
and in some instances their history traced to the middle of the
sixteenth century, it will be necessary only to refer the student
to these studies, note of which will be found in the bibliography
at the close of this volume. In the present study we have assembled
photographs or drawings of all of these major specimens, as well as of
nearly all the minor pieces, and drawings of some of the mosaic objects
represented in color in the codices. Our pictorial record is therefore
practically complete.
MINOR EXAMPLES
The use of mosaic incrustation in the decoration of stone idols is
illustrated in pl. II. This stone figure, 3 feet 10 inches high, came
from Cozcatlan, district of Tehuacan, Puebla, and is now preserved in
the National Museum of Mexico. It represents the goddess Coatlicue,
mother of Huitzilopochtli, the Aztecan war god. The Sahagun manuscript
in the Real Palacio, Madrid, represents this deity with a rattlesnake
girdle around the waist; held in the right hand is a staff in the
form of a rattlesnake with the head downward, and having depending
feathers projecting from the rattles, which are opposite the face of
the figure. Above the deity is the caption “_Yztac ciuatl coatlicue_.”
This statue, together with another, of colossal size, also in the
Museo Nacional of Mexico, has often been denominated _Teoyamiqui_,
and again at times it has been called _Mictecacihuatl_. The turquois
decoration is still preserved in the statue illustrated, in the
incrustation of the circular ear-ornaments and in the discs of mosaic
in each cheek. The teeth are made of white shell; the inner part of
the mouth is of red shell; the nose is inlaid with white shell. There
are traces of incrustation around the eyes, but this mosaic feature is
practically destroyed. In the breast is set a circular mirror of iron
pyrites. Around the upper part of the forehead are small holes which
probably at one time contained stone or shell inlays. A poorly colored
representation of this idol has been published by Brocklehurst, with
the title “Teoyamiqui, goddess of death.”[75]
[Illustration: PL. XVI
MASK OF WOOD, MOSAIC DECORATION MISSING
MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN HEYE FOUNDATION, NEW YORK]
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