U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul OperationMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul Operation
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
On the 16th the two vessels departed according to schedule by way
of Port Said and the Suez Canal. Security regulations were rigidly
enforced, with only one stop being made when the vessels anchored at
Ceylon for six hours to take on fuel. Marine officers were figuratively
as well as literally at sea, since they had no idea of the specific
mission awaiting the battalion in the Far East. Unaware of plans for
the Inchon landing, they envisioned the troops being employed as the
ship-based raiding party of some American task force.
Meanwhile their future teammates of the 7th Marines were preparing to
embark from San Diego. Colonel Litzenberg and his officers had made
a good start at Camp Pendleton even before the activation date of 17
August 1950. In order to build up from cadres of former 6th Marines’
troops, this regiment received the largest proportion of combat-ready
reservists of any major unit in the 1st Marine Division--about 50
per cent, counting the augmentation personnel to bring 3/6 up to war
strength when it would be taken into the outfit in Japan.[83]
[83] Giusti, II-5.
CNO had set 3 September as the date of embarkation. But Headquarters,
FMFPac, prepared the embarkation plans while the regimental staff
solved problems of organization and equipment so effectively that
the 7th Marines sailed on the 1st, thus beating the deadline by two
days.[84]
[84] PacFlt _Interim Rpt No. 1_, XV: Zebra, 15.
Orders came to El Toro on 16 August for the overseas movement of
the remaining elements of the 1st MAW. Units affected were Wing
Headquarters Squadron 1 and MAG-12, comprising Headquarters Squadron
12, Service Squadron 12, VMF-312, VMF-212, VMF(N)-542, and the rear
echelon of VMF(N)-513.
VMF-312 and the rear echelon of VMF(N)-513 were loaded on the USS
_Sitkoh Bay_ with their aircraft and sailed on 24 August. Three days
later VMF-212 and VMF(N)-542 embarked on the USS _Cape Esperance_, and
the USNS _General Morton_ weighed anchor with the remaining components
on 1 September.[85] This completed the overseas movement of the 1st
MAW, since General Harris and his staff had departed from El Toro by
air for Japan the day before.
[85] _Ibid._, XV: Charlie Charlie, 4.
_Working Around the Clock_
The first echelon of the 1st Marine Division planning group had its
preliminary briefing on 19 August, and the tractor elements of the
Attack Force were scheduled to sail for the objective area on 9
September. This left an interval of 20 days for most of the Inchon
planning--probably the shortest period ever allotted to a major
amphibious assault.
Less than one-fourth of the officers and men of the 1st Marine Division
staff were on the _Mount McKinley_ when planning commenced. At that
time the distribution of the staff was as follows:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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