U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul OperationMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul Operation
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
“Sadly lacking as was information on the objective area,” commented the
Division G-2 report, “more so was that on the enemy in the area.” Early
in September, however, the Attack Force and Landing Force concurred
in the initial X Corps estimate of 1,500 to 2,500 NKPA troops in the
immediate area, consisting largely of newly raised personnel.[94]
[94] See Appendix I for the Order of Battle of the units
which opposed the 1st Marine Division throughout the
Inchon-Seoul operation, listing them in chronological
order as to area of employment, strength, and
effectiveness.
Radio reports of first-hand observations in the objective area, though
coming too late for initial planning purposes, confirmed some of the
G-2 estimates. This dangerous mission was undertaken by Lieutenant
Eugene F. Clark, a naval officer on General MacArthur’s JSPOG staff.
U. S. and British Marines provided an escort on 1 September when the
British destroyer _Charity_ brought him from Sasebo to a point along
the coast where the South Korean patrol vessel PC 703 waited to land
him at Yonghung-do, an island about 15 miles southwest of Inchon.[95]
[95] This account is based upon: Capt James B. Soper interv,
16 Aug 54; and Karig, _Korea_, 176–191.
Clark went ashore with a small arsenal of firearms, grenades and
ammunition, as well as 30 cases of C rations and 200 pounds of rice.
He quickly made allies of the 400 friendly Korean inhabitants of the
island and organized his own private little “army” of about 150 youths
from 14 to 18 years old. These “troops” were posted about Yonghung-do
for security, since the near-by island, Taebu-do, was occupied by 400
NKPA soldiers within wading distance at low tide.
The naval officer had no illusions as to what his fate might be in
the event of capture. Day and night, he kept a grenade within reach,
since he did not intend to be taken alive. When the long expected
enemy attack from Taebu-do materialized, he commandeered a “one-lung”
South Korean motor sampan and fought it out with the NKPA motor sampan
escorting boats filled with soldiers. The enemy began the strange
“naval” battle with a few badly aimed rounds from a 37mm tank gun.
Clark and his crew of three friendly Koreans finished it with a long
burst from a .50 caliber machine gun. After sinking the NKPA motor
sampan, he destroyed another boat with 18 soldiers aboard and captured
three prisoners for questioning.
One night the intrepid lieutenant rowed a dinghy to the Inchon sea
wall. When the tide went out, he tested the mire by wading in it up
to his waist. This experience led to the sending of a radio report,
“Inchon not suitable for landing either troops or vehicles across the
mud.”
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