U.S. Marines In Vietnam, Volume 1 (of 9) : $b The advisory & combat assistance era 1954-1964Whitlow, Robert H.
History
U.S. Marines In Vietnam, Volume 1 (of 9) : $b The advisory & combat assistance era 1954-1964
Whitlow, Robert H.
United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Vietnam War, 1961-1975
[4-A] The three-way division was the most commonly used method
of categorizing the Communist forces. (See U.S. Army,
_The Viet Cong_, p. I:52.) A USMAAG document published
during this period, however, divided the Viet Cong
into two somewhat broader categories--main forces and
guerrillas. Both local force units and village activists
were classified as guerrillas under this system. (USMAAG,
Vietnam, _Tactics and Techniques of Counterinsurgent
Operations_, p. II-5.) Other sources tended to make more
elaborate divisions. (See Pike, _Viet Cong_.)
After early 1962 the activities of these Viet Cong military and
paramilitary forces were carefully coordinated with Communist political
activities on the national level by a Central Office for South Vietnam
(COSVN).[4-B] From its headquarters, believed to have been located
northeast of Saigon in Binh Duong Province, COSVN exercised direct
control over six military regions (MRs). Designated MR-5 through MR-9
(arranged in a north to south pattern) with an additional Saigon-Gia
Dinh Special Zone, the Communist military regions served essentially
the same purpose as the government’s corps tactical zones. Within
these six regions COSVN utilized a province and district structure
only slightly different from that of the Diem government to exercise
administrative and military control. At each level within this
organization a small, disciplined Communist political committee
orchestrated the activities of its subordinate military units with the
actions of its political apparatus.
[4-B] COSVN apparently was established in March. Prior to this
the NLF had functioned through two separate geographic
headquarters--Interzone V, responsible for roughly the
northern three-quarters of South Vietnam, and the NAMBO
Interzone, responsible for the area roughly described by
the forested hills and Mekong Delta physiographic regions.
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