Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)Holmes, E. Bruce
Science
Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)
Holmes, E. Bruce
Leg -- Innervation; Leg -- Muscles; Sharp-tailed grouse; Tympanuchus
INSERTION.--_Pars postica_: Several tendinous bands (intrapelvic)
converge and coalesce, forming a single strong tendon that passes
through the obturator foramen and attaches to the lateral surface of the
femoral trochanter a short distance posterior to the insertion of M.
gluteus profundus and proximal to the insertion of M. flexor
ischiofemoralis. _Pars ventralis_: The attachment is fleshy and
tendinous to the ventral edge and the deep surface of the tendon of pars
postica. _Pars dorsalis_: The attachment is fleshy and tendinous to the
dorsal edge of the tendon of pars postica. _Pars antica_: The attachment
is fleshy to the posterior surface of the proximal end of the femur
several mm. posterior to the insertion of pars postica; the lateral edge
attaches to the obturator ridge.
INNERVATION.--The muscle is supplied by the obturator nerve; several
twigs, which do not pass through the obturator foramen, penetrate the
anterior part of the medial surface of pars postica; several twigs pass
through the obturator foramen and supply pars dorsalis, pars ventralis,
and pars antica.
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--In some cases the origin of pars postica does not
include the dorsal end of the internal ilio-ischiatic crest nor the
ilium posterior to it. Tiny but distinct accessory slips are sometimes
present. In one leg a tendinous slip of pars antica extends beyond the
remainder of the muscle and inserts independently on the trochanter
close to the insertion of pars postica. In another leg, a fleshy and
tendinous slip of pars antica attaches to the deep surface of the
insertional tendon of pars postica. In still another leg, a fleshy and
tendinous slip of pars dorsalis inserts adjacent (anterior) to the
dorsal edge of the insertion of pars antica.
_T. cupido_
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--The variations are similar to those given above
for _T. pallidicinctus_ except that there is no slip of pars antica
attaching to the tendon of pars postica.
_P. p. jamesi._
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--There are variations similar to those given above
for _T. pallidicinctus_ except that there is no independent slip of pars
antica attaching on the trochanter close to the insertion of pars
postica. Pars dorsalis may be quite small. In several legs, pars
dorsalis is more closely associated with pars antica than with pars
postica; in one of these, pars dorsalis is indistinguishably fused with
pars antica (inserting with the latter) except for a few fibers which
insert with pars postica.
=_M. Femorocruralis_= (M. accessorius semitendinosi), Figs. 14, 15, 16,
17
Fisher (Fisher, 1946; Fisher and Goodman, 1955) considers this muscle as
an accessory head of M. flexor cruris lateralis. The reasons for this
change in terminology are given in the section on terminology.
_T. pallidicinctus_
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