The =Maram=, or =Sea Matweed= (_Psamma arenaria_) is one of the most useful grasses with which I am acquainted for binding shifting sands on the sea-coast. Not only so, but by using it as a pioneer, the amount of shelter it affords renders other more difficult subjects by no means hard to cultivate. It usually attains to a height of from 2 ft. to 2½ ft., much depending on the situation, whether partially sheltered or fully exposed. The root-stock creeps widely, some specimens that have been followed up in the sand being of the amazing length of 35 yards. Amongst loose and drifting sand the running roots find what is most suitable for the welfare of the plant, and it is astonishing with what persistency they bind in an unusually short space of time these shifting hills of almost dust-dry sand. In planting, place the plants in parallel lines, about 16 in. apart, and at a distance of 12 in. from each other. Large plants may be subdivided to almost any extent. A garden line is stretched along the ground, a notch 10 in. deep taken out, the grass inserted therein and filled with sand, and afterwards firmly trodden. That the sea matweed is a most useful plant for fast gaining a footing on sandy tracts of sea-coast, and thus allowing of following up with the shelter-giving trees, cannot be disputed. The =Lymegrass= (_Elymus arenarius_) is also valuable for growing in almost pure sand on the sea-coast. It is of tall, elegant growth, and is readily increased from root divisions. The following trees and shrubs, alphabetically arranged, are recommended for seaside planting:— TREES FOR THE SEA-COAST. Acer campestre Pinus Pinaster maritima —— creticum Populus canadensis —— Pseudo-platanus —— nigra Alnus glutinosa —— nigra —— incana Pyrus Aucuparia Betula alba —— Aria Carpinus betulus Quercus Ilex Cedrus atlantica —— Robur Cupressus macrocarpa Salix alba Fagus sylvatica —— Caprea Fraxinus excelsior —— Forsteriana Pinus austriaca —— Russelliana —— laricio Thuja gigantea —— montana Ulmus alata —— Pinaster —— campestris —— montana SHRUBS FOR THE SEA-COAST. Atriplex halimus Lavatera arborea Aucuba japonica Lycium europæum Cerasus lusitanica Rhamnus frangula —— Padus Ribes sanguineum Cytisus Laburnum Rosa spinosissima —— scoparius Shepherdia argentea Euonymus japonicus Spirea adiantifolia —— europæus Syringa persica Fabiana imbricata —— vulgaris Griselinia littoralis Symphoricarpus racemosus Hippophæ rhamnoides Tamarix gallica Ilex Aquifolium —— germanica —— Aquifolium aurea Ulex Europæus Laurus nobilis Viburnum tinus GRASSES. Elymus arenarius Psamma arenaria CHAPTER IX