William Shakespeare: A Critical StudyBrandes, Georg
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William Shakespeare: A Critical Study
Brandes, Georg
Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Criticism and interpretation
"_Romeo_. Thus from my lips, by thine, my sin is purg'd.
_[Kissing her_.]
_Juliet_. Then have my lips the sin that they have took.
_Rom_. Sin from my lips? O trespass sweetly urg'd!
Give me my sin again.
_Jul_. You kiss by the book"
--yet so much soul is breathed into the Italian love-fencing that under
its somewhat affected grace we can distinguish the pulse-throbs of
awakening desire.
Juliet's soliloquy before the bridal night (iii. 2) lacks only rhyme to
be, in good set form, an epithalamium of the period. These compositions
spoke of Hymen and Cupid, and told how Hymen at first appears alone,
while Cupid lurks concealed, until, at the door of the bridal chamber,
the elder brother gives place to the younger.
It is noteworthy that the mythological opening lines, which belong to
the earlier form of the play, contain a clear reminiscence of a passage
in Marlowe's _King Edward II_. Marlowe's
"Gallop apace, bright Phœbus, through the sky!"
reappears in Shakespeare in the form of
"Gallop apace, you fiery-footed steeds,
Towards Phœbus' lodging!"
The rest of the soliloquy, as we have seen above, ranks among the
loveliest things Shakespeare ever wrote. One of its most delicately
daring expressions is imitated in Milton's _Comus_; and the difference
between the original and the imitation is curiously typical of the
difference between the poet of the Renaissance and the poet of
Puritanism. Juliet implores love-performing night to spread its close
curtain, that Romeo may leap unseen to her arms; for--
"Lovers can see to do their amorous rites
By their own beauties; or, if love be blind,
It best agrees with night."
Milton annexes the thought and the turn of phrase; but the part played
by beauty in Shakespeare, Milton assigns to virtue:--
"Virtue could see to do what virtue would
By her own radiant light."
There is in Juliet's utterance of passion a healthful delicacy that
ennobles it; and it need not be said that the presence of this very
passion in Juliet's monologue renders it infinitely more chaste than
the old epithalamiums.
The exquisite dialogue in Juliet's chamber at daybreak (iii. 5) is a
variation on the motive of all the old Dawn-Songs. They always turn
upon the struggle in the breasts of two lovers who have secretly passed
the night together, between their reluctance to part and their dread of
discovery--a struggle which sets them debating whether the light they
see comes from the sun or the moon, and whether it is the nightingale
or the lark whose song they hear.
How gracefully is this motive here employed, and what added depth is
given to the situation by our knowledge that the banished Romeo's life
is forfeit if he lingers until day!--
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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