The slight mention of Shakespeare by the “judicious Webster,” as Hazlet
calls him, comprehends no more than that Shakspere was one of the hack
writers of the day: “detraction is the sworn friend to ignorance.” For
mine own part I have ever truly cherished “my good opinion of other
men’s worthy labours, especially of that full and heightened style of
Master Chapman, the laboured and understanding works of Master Jonson,
the no less worthy composures of the both worthily excellent Master
Beaumont and Fletcher, and lastly (without wrong last to be named) the
right happy and copious industry of Master Shakespeare, Master Dekker
and Master Heywood.”
These words written by the third greatest of English tragic poets
are very significant, for Webster wrote for the theatre to which
Shakspere, the player and play-broker, belonged; yet industry is
the only distinguishing mark in Shakspere which he must share with
Dekker, and Heywood, hack writers for the stage. Dekker’s many plays
attest his copious industry, when we remember that this writer spent
three years in prison, and Heywood’s industry cannot be doubted for
he claimed to have had a hand and main finger in two hundred twenty
plays. Copious industry signifies to the reader the existence of an
author not utterly unknown, it is true, but it fails to identify him
as the author of the immortal plays. What shall we say then? Were the
works called Shakespeare’s but little known? Shakspere’s biographers
say that they were the talk of the town. If that is true, then the
writer who was commended for industry was not regarded by Webster
as the author of “Hamlet,” “Lear,” and “Macbeth,” for Shakespeare’s
distinctive characteristics are not individualized from those of Dekker
and Heywood, while those of Chapman, Jonson, Beaumont and Fletcher are.
In the last four named is perfect interlacement of personality with
authorship, but not so in Shakespeare.
John Webster’s judgment of his fellow craftsman was just, “I have
ever truly cherished my good opinion of other men’s worthy labours.”
Webster never conceals or misrepresents the truth by giving evasive, or
equivocating, evidence. He reveals the judicial trait of his character
in placing Chapman first among the poets then living, assuming that
the name Shakespeare was used by printers and publishers, if not by
writers, as an impersonal name, masking the name of a true poet.
Sidney, Marlowe and Spencer had then descended to the tomb.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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