Wit and its relation to the unconsciousFreud, Sigmund
Science
Wit and its relation to the unconscious
Freud, Sigmund
Subconsciousness; Wit and humor -- Psychological aspects
We scarcely venture a contradiction to K. Fischer’s words—perhaps we
merely translate his thoughts into our own mode of expression—when we
insist that the witty activity is, after all, not to be designated as
aimless or purposeless, since it has for its aim the evocation of
pleasure in the hearer. I doubt whether we are able to undertake
anything which has no object in view. When we do not use our psychic
apparatus for the fulfillment of one of our indispensable
gratifications, we let it work for pleasure, and we seek to derive
pleasure from its own activity. I suspect that this is really the
condition which underlies all æsthetic thinking, but I know too little
about æsthetics to be willing to support this theory. About wit,
however, I can assert, on the strength of the two impressions gained
before, that it is an activity whose purpose is to derive pleasure—be it
intellectual or otherwise—from the psychic processes. To be sure, there
are other activities which accomplish the same thing. They may be
differentiated from each by the sphere of psychic activity from which
they wish to derive pleasure, or perhaps by the methods which they use
in accomplishing this. At present we cannot decide this, but we firmly
maintain that at last we have established a connection between the
technique of wit partly controlled by the tendency to economize (p. 53)
and the production of pleasure.
But before we proceed to solve the riddle of how the technical means of
wit-work can produce pleasure in the hearer, we wish to mention that,
for the sake of simplicity and more lucidity, we have altogether put out
of the way all tendency-witticisms. Still we must attempt to explain
what the tendencies of wit are and in what manner wit makes use of these
tendencies.
_Hostile and Obscene Wit_
We are taught above all by an observation not to put aside the
tendency-wit when we are investigating the origin of the pleasure in
wit. The pleasurable effect of harmless wit is usually of a moderate
nature; all that it can be expected to produce in the hearer is a
distinct feeling of satisfaction and a slight ripple of laughter; and as
we have shown by fitting examples (p. 132) at least a part of this
effect is due to the thought-content. The sudden irresistible outburst
of laughter evoked by the tendency-wit rarely follows the wit without a
tendency. As the technique may be identical in both, it is fair to
assume that by virtue of its purpose, the tendency-wit has at its
disposal sources of pleasure to which harmless wit has no access.
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