"Praise ye Jehovah for the avenging of Israel, When the people willingly offered themselves. Hear, O ye kings; give ear, O ye princes. I will sing praise to Jehovah; I will praise Jehovah, God of Israel. Jehovah, when thou wentest out from Seir, When thou marchedst from Edom, The earth trembled and the heavens dropped, The clouds also poured down water." The song now changes, to picture the miseries of an enslaved people, who were deprived of arms and weapons, and exposed at any hour and moment to the incursions of robbers and murderers:-- "In the days of Shamgar, the son of Anath, In the days of Jael, The highways were unoccupied, And travelers walked through by-ways. The inhabitants ceased from the villages, Till I, Deborah, arose. I arose a mother in Israel. They went after strange gods; Then came the war to their gates. Was there then a shield or a spear Among forty thousand in Israel?" The theme then changes, to celebrate those whose patriotic bravery had redeemed their country:-- "My heart throbs to the governors of Israel That offered themselves willingly among the people. Bless ye Jehovah! Speak, ye that ride on white asses, Ye that sit in judgment, and ye that walk by the way, They that are delivered from the noise of archers In the place of drawing water, There shall they rehearse the righteous acts of Jehovah, His righteous acts towards the inhabitants of the villages. Then shall the people go down to the gates. Awake! awake! Deborah, Awake! awake! utter a song! Arise, Barak, and lead captivity captive, Thou son of Abinoam!" After this, another change: she reviews, with all a woman's fiery eloquence, the course which the tribes have taken in the contest, giving praise to the few courageous, self-sacrificing patriots, and casting arrows of satire and scorn on the cowardly and selfish. For then, as in our modern times, there were all sorts of men. There were those of the brave, imprudent, generous, "do-or-die" stamp, and there were the selfish conservatives, who only waited and talked. So she says:-- "It was but a small remnant that went forth against the mighty. The people of Jehovah went with me against the mighty. The march began with Ephraim, The root of the army was from him; With him didst thou come, Benjamin! Out of Machir came down the leaders; Out of Zebulun the marshals of forces; And the princes of Issachar were with Deborah. Issachar, the life-guard of Barak, Sprang like a hind into the battle-field!" It appears that the tribe of Reuben had only been roused so far as to _talk_ about the matter. They had been brought up to the point of an animated discussion whether they should help or not. The poetess thus jeers at them:--