Y Gododin: A Poem of the Battle of CattraethAneirin
History
Y Gododin: A Poem of the Battle of Cattraeth
Aneirin
Cattraeth, Battle of, Catterick, England, ca. 600 -- Poetry
{117b} The Lloegrians were the second “social tribe” that settled in
Britain. Their province was that of Lloegyr, by which the Welsh still
designate England, (Triads v. ii. first series) though there is reason to
believe that it was originally of much smaller extent. The Lloegrians
for the most part coalesced with the Saxons, (Triad vii. third series)
and grievously harassed the Cymry in the sixth century.
“Cynddylan, cae di y rhiw,
Er yddaw Lloegyrwys heddiw;
Amgeledd am un nid gwiw!” (Llywarch Hen.)
Cynddylan, guard thou the cliff,
Against any Lloegrians that may come this day;
Concern for one should not avail.
{117c} “Ygcynuor,” i.e. “yn cynvor.” Al. “cynnor,” _the entrance_. Al.
“ynghynwr,” _in the turmoil_.
{117d} This probably refers to the enemy, who, being pagans, burnt their
dead. The fact might have been suggested to the poet’s mind, by the name
of his hero “Graid,” which signifies _heat_.
{117e} Viz. that of Graid.
{117f} The rhyme determines this form, which occurs in 1. In Gorchan
Maelderw, we have, instead of Graid the son of Hoewgi, “Braint the son of
Bleiddgi.”
{118a} “Orwydan,” from Gorwydd. Another way of translating these lines
would be—
“There was the hero of the two shielded wings,
The one with the variegated front; the other of like quality with
Prydwen;
which was the name of Arthur’s shield;—
“Tarian a gymmerai Arthur ar ei Ysgwydd, yr hon a elwid Prydwen.”
A shield did Arthur take upon his shoulder, which was called Prydwen.
(Gr. ab Arthur.)
The supposition that Arthur’s shield had already acquired a notable
renown is indirectly corroborated by an alleged contemporary poem,
“Preiddiau Annwn.” (Myv. Arch. vol. i. p. 45) in which his ship of the
same name is clearly invested with a similarly extravagant character,—
“Tri lloneid Prydwen ydd aetham ni ar for.”
{118b} Al. “in the midst of arms.”
{118c} Perhaps scintillations from the clash of arms.
{118d} Occasioned by the brightness of the arms. Al. “Clouded was the
dawn, and the sun,” Al. “there was misery.”
{118e} “_Bud_ e vran,” an allusion to the name of _Bud_van.
{119a} An old Adage says,—
“Nac addev dy rin i was.”
Reveal not thy secrets to a servant.
{119b} Perhaps buried on the field of battle, where the horses would
trample on his grave; or the expression might allude to the mode of his
being conveyed by horses to his last resting place.
{119c} “Eleirch,” lit. _swans_, but the expression “meirch eilw
eleirch,” (horses of the colour of swans) in the Maelderw version, seems
to favour the translation we have given above.
{119d} Or, “the trappings” of his charger.
{119e} His history is not known.
{120a} That is, he would not cowardly desert his post, and thus leave an
opening in the rank.
{120b} During the Christmas festivities, which lasted for twelve days:
“Llon ceiliog a thwylluan
Au _deuddeng-nydd_ yn hoean”—Engl. y Misoedd.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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