Y Gododin: A Poem of the Battle of CattraethAneirin
History
Y Gododin: A Poem of the Battle of Cattraeth
Aneirin
Cattraeth, Battle of, Catterick, England, ca. 600 -- Poetry
{132a} Rhuvawn is celebrated in a Triad as one of the three blessed
kings of the Isle of Britain.
“Tri gwyndeyrn ynys Prydain; Rhun ab Maelgwn, Owain ab Urien, a
Rhuawn Bevr ab Dewrath Wledig.” (Triad xxv. third series.)
In another Triad he is recorded as one of the three imperious ones of the
island.
“Tri trahawc ynys Prydein; Gwibei drahawc a Sawyl ben uchel a Ruuawn
Peuyr drahawc.” (Triad xxxiv. second series.)
Other versions, however, of the same Triad, give Rhun mab Einiawn in the
room of Rhuvawn Pebyr.
He is also styled one of the three golden corpses of the Isle of Britain,
because, when he was slain, his body was redeemed for its weight in gold.
“Tri eurgelein ynys Prydain: Madawc mab Brwyn; Ceugant Beilliawc; a
Rhuawn Bevr, ab Gwyddnaw Garanhir; sev yu gelwid felly achaws rhoddi
eu pwys yn aur am danynt o ddwylaw au lladdes.” (Tr. lxxvii. third
series.)
His grave is alluded to by Hywel the son of Owain Gwynedd, about A.D.
1160, in these lines;—
“Tonn wenn orewyn a orwlych bet
Gwytua ruuawn bebyr ben teyrnet.” (Myv. Arch v. i. p. 277.)
The white wave, mantled with foam, bedews the grave,
The resting place of Rhuvawn Pebyr, chief of kings.
{132b} There may be some slight allusion here to the circumstance
mentioned in the last Triad.
{132c} Coelvain; the stones of omen, an honorary reward. In this stanza
Rhuvawn is celebrated as pious, valiant, and hospitable.
{132d} The hall (neuadd) might have been the camp itself, or it might
have been the general’s tent, answering to the Roman prætorium. Along
the extent of the Catrail there are several forts of the British people,
which were built either on the contiguous hills, or on the neighbouring
heights. A field in the neighbourhood of Dolgelley, which exhibits clear
vestiges of an ancient encampment, goes by the name of “_Neuadd Goch_.”
“Neuadd pob diddos.”
Every shelter is a hall. (Adage.)
{133a} Or, “so great, so immense was the slaughter.” Another reading;
“So great, a sea of radiance was the slaughter,” “mor o wawr,” in
reference to the brightness of the weapons.
{133b} Morien Manawc is mentioned in the “Dream of Rhonabwy”, as one of
the counsellors of Arthur, (p. 416.) His grave is pointed out in the
following lines;—(Myv. Arch. vol. i. page 79.)
“E Beteu ae cut gwitwal
Ny llesseint heb ymtial
Gwrien Morien a Morial.
The graves that have their mounds together,
Are theirs, who fell not unavenged,
Gwrien, Morien, and Morial.
His memory was much cherished by the mediæval Bards, who not unfrequently
compare their patrons to him. Thus Risserdyn (1290, 1340) says that
Hywel ap Gruffydd had “vreich Moryen,” the arm of Morien; and his
contemporary Madawg Dwygraig eulogises Gruffydd ap Madawg as being “ail
Morien,” a second Morien.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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