Young Folks' Library, Volume XI (of 20): Wonders of Earth, Sea and Sky
Science
Young Folks' Library, Volume XI (of 20): Wonders of Earth, Sea and Sky
Science -- Juvenile literature
These strange creatures were of many different species. Some of them
must have been six or seven feet high, for their steps are as much as
three feet apart, and seem to imply a creature weighing several
hundred pounds. Others were not bigger than robins. Strangely enough,
we have never found their bones nor the creatures on which they fed,
and but for the formation of a little patch of rocks here and there we
should not have had even these footprints to prove to us that such
creatures had lived in the Connecticut Valley in this far-off time.
[Illustration: FIG. 5. FOOT-PRINT, TURNER'S FALLS.]
But these wonderful forms are less interesting than two or three
little fossil jaw-bones that prove to us that in this Triassic time
the earth now bore another animal more akin to ourselves, in the shape
of a little creature that gave suck to its young. Once more life takes
a long upward step in this little opossum-like animal, perhaps the
first creature whose young was born alive. These little creatures
called Microlestes or Dromatherium, of which only one or two different
but related species have been found in England and in North Carolina,
appear to have been insect-eaters of about the size and shape of the
Australian creature shown in Fig. 7. So far we know it in but few
specimens,--altogether only an ounce or two of bones,--but they are
very precious monuments of the past.
[Illustration: FIG. 6. DROMATHERIUM SYLVESTRE AND TEETH OF MICROLESTES
ANTIQUUS.]
In this Triassic time the climate appears to have been rather dry, for
in it we have many extensive deposits of salt formed by the
evaporation of closed lakes, of seas, such as are now forming on the
bottom of the Dead Sea, and the Great Salt Lake of Utah, and a hundred
or more other similar basins of the present day.
[Illustration: FIG. 7. MYRMECOBIUS.]
In the sea animals of this time we find many changes. Already some of
the giant lizard-like animals, which first took shape on the land, are
becoming swimming-animals. They changed their feet to paddles, which,
with the help of a flattened tail, force them through the water.
The fishes on which these great swimming lizards preyed are more like
the fishes of our present day than they were before. The trilobites
are gone, and of the crinoids only a remnant is left. Most of the
corals of the earlier days have disappeared, but the mollusks have not
changed more than they did at several different times in the earliest
stages of the earth's history.
[Illustration: FIG. 8. ICHTHYOSAURUS AND PLESIOSAURUS.]
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