Smithsonian Institution - United States National Museum - Bulletin 249: Contributions from the Museum of History and Technology; Papers 52-54 on Archeology — David Hume — John Shaqi
Smithsonian Institution - United States National Museum - Bulletin 249: Contributions from the Museum of History and Technology; Papers 52-54 on Archeology
David Hume · en
Dating: The construction date for the house relies on the insufficient
evidence of the single delftware sherd mentioned above, i.e., after
about 1680. The destruction dating comes not from the items noted here
but from the bottle neck discussed under T.N. 28, after about 1740.
Deposit T.N. 28.--A test cutting inside the residence on the line of
the supposed central hallway that revealed 9 inches of humus mixed with
mortar and plaster resting on natural clay. From the above level came
one bottle neck of about 1740. On this evidence and on the evidence of
unstratified sherds found in the occupation area, it is assumed that
the complex had been abandoned by the middle of the 18th century.
Dating: After about 1740.
Animal Remains
Animal bones and marine items were largely confined to the refuse pits
previously discussed, although a few garbage bones and oystershells
had been spread around the site in the course of the bulldozing.
Bones from the pits comprised the usual range of ox, pig, and deer
remains that are to be found amid the garbage of most colonial
sites. A group of the less readily identifiable bones were submitted
to the Smithsonian Institution for examination and the following
identifications were provided:
Left humerus, wild duck, (white-winged scoter, _Melanitta
deglandi_). From T.N. 17.
Fibula of pig (_Sus scrofa_), domestic. From T.N. 17.
Shaft of humerus, domestic goose. From T.N. 22.
Mandible of possum (_Didelphis_ sp. _marsupialis_, subsp.
_virginiana_), edible. From T.N. 22.
Mandible of "marine gar," or needlefish, of the Belonidae family,
probably _Strongylura marina_ (Walbaum), a very common sea fish
in this area, which runs in fresh water, and is frequently eaten.
From T.N. 24.
[Illustration: FIGURE 12.--COLONO-INDIAN CUP excavated at Williamsburg
which is comparable to a fragment from Tutter's Neck (fig. 18, no. 17).
Height, 3-7/8 in.]
Also submitted for examination were specimens from a number of scallop
shells, which were plentiful in Pits C and D, and examples of mussel
and clam shells from Pit C. The identifications were as follows:
Fresh water mussel of a type eaten by the Indians, _Elliptio
complanatus_. From T.N. 18.
Fossil clam, _Glycymeris_ sp. From T.N. 18.
Fossil scallop of a variety no longer living in this area. From
T.N. 22.
The identification of the scallop as being fossil was somewhat
surprising in view of the prevalence of such shells in Pits C and D.
However, it should be noted that Pit E (T.N. 24) contained a fragment
of fossil whale rib. Such bones are plentiful in the Tidewater marl
beds and are frequently found on the shores of the James and York
Rivers.
The Artifacts
TOBACCO PIPES