The first principle or beginning of Number, was the One or Monas--which the Pythagoreans conceived as including both the two fundamental contraries--the Determining and the Indeterminate.[30] All particular numbers, and through them all things, were compounded from the harmonious junction and admixture of these two fundamental contraries.[31] All numbers being either odd or even, the odd numbers were considered as analogous to the Determining, the even numbers to the Indeterminate. In One or the Monad, the Odd and Even were supposed to be both contained, not yet separated: Two was the first indeterminate even number; Three, the first odd and the first determinate number, because it included beginning, middle, and end. The sum of the first four numbers--One, Two, Three, Four = Ten (1 + 2 + 3 + 4) was the most perfect number of all.[32] To these numbers, one, two, three, four, were understood as corresponding the fundamental conceptions of Geometry--Point, Line, Plane, Solid. _Five_ represented colour and visible appearance: _Six_, the phenomenon of Life: _Seven_, Health, Light, Intelligence, &c.: _Eight_, Love or Friendship.[33] Man, Horse, Justice and Injustice, had their representative numbers: that corresponding to Justice was a square number, as giving equal for equal.[34] [Footnote 30: See the instructive explanations of Boeckh, in his work on the Fragments of Philolaus, p. 54 seq.] [Footnote 31: Philolaus, Fr., p. 62, Boeckh.--Diogen. L. viii. 7, 85. By [Greek: a(rmoni/a], Philolaus meant the musical octave: and his work included many explanations and comparisons respecting the intervals of the musical scale. (Boeckh, p. 65 seq.)] [Footnote 32: Aristotel. De Coelo, i. 1, p. 268, a. 10. [Greek: katha/per ga/r phasin oi( Puthago/reioi, to\ pa=n kai\ ta\ pa/nta toi=s tri/sin ô(/ristai; teleutê\ ga\r kai\ me/son kai\ a)rchê\ to\n a)rithmo\n e)/chei to\n tou= panto\s, tau=ta de\ to\n tê=s tria/dos. Dio\ para\ tê=s phu/seôs ei)lêpho/tes ô(/sper no/mous e)kei/nês, kai\ pro\s ta\s a(gistei/as chrô/metha tô=n theô=n tô=| a)rithmô=| tou/tô|] (i. e. three). It is remarkable that Aristotle here adopts and sanctions, in regard to the number Three, the mystic and fanciful attributes ascribed by the Pythagoreans.] [Footnote 33: Strümpell, Geschichte der theoretischen Philosophie der Griechen, s. 78. Brandis, Handbuch der Gr.-Röm. Phil., sect. 80, p. 467 seq. The number Five also signified marriage, because it was a junction of the first masculine number Three with the first feminine Two. Seven signified also [Greek: kairo\s] or Right Season. See Aristotel. Metaphys. A. 5, p. 985, b. 26, and M. 4, p. 1078, b. 23, compared with the commentary of Alexander on the former passage.] [Footnote 34: Aristotel. Ethica Magna, i. 1.] [Side-note: Pythagorean Kosmos and Astronomy--geometrical and harmonic laws guiding the movements of the cosmical bodies.]