"1812" : $b Napoleon I in RussiaVereshchagin, Vasilïĭ Vasilʹevich
History
"1812" : $b Napoleon I in Russia
Vereshchagin, Vasilïĭ Vasilʹevich
Napoleonic Wars, 1800-1815 -- Campaigns -- Russia; Russia -- History -- 1801-1917
During their stay at Moscow, the battalions quartered outside the walls
knew no peace. There existed, as Ségur says, a kind of tacit, informal
armistice between the opposing armies, but only in the front. On the
flanks and in the rear, not a wagon could pass, not an ounce of forage
could be brought in unopposed, so that in reality the war still
continued.
During the first few days Murat delighted in showing himself to the
outposts of the enemy. He was flattered by the respect paid to his
appearance, his reputation for courage, and his rank. The Russian
officers took good care not to undeceive him. They loaded him with all
the tokens of deference calculated to keep up this illusion. He was
allowed to order their vedettes about as if they were Frenchmen. If any
part of the ground they occupied pleased him, they hastened to surrender
it to him.
Cossack chiefs went so far as to pretend enthusiasm, and to say that
they only recognized as Emperor the Emperor who reigned in Moscow. Murat
even believed for a time that they would not fight against him.
The Emperor, who was not deceived by these professions, complained
bitterly of the exasperating guerilla warfare to which he was constantly
exposed. “Had not a hundred and fifty dragoons of the Old Guard met,
been attacked, and routed by a horde of these barbarians? And this took
place but two days after the armistice on the road to Mozjaisk, his
principal line of communications, which connected him with his stores,
his reserves, his depots, with Europe itself.”
“Every morning,” adds Ségur, “our soldiers, especially the cavalry, had
to travel great distances to obtain the necessaries of life. And as the
environs of Moscow and Winkovo became more and more denuded, they were
obliged to range further and further afield. Men and horses returned
worn out, some did not return at all. Each measure of oats, each bundle
of straw, had to be fought for, dragged out of the enemy. Nothing but
surprises, fights, losses. Even the peasantry began to be troublesome.
“We had war on all sides—in front, on our flanks, in our rear. The army
was growing weaker and weaker; the enemy becoming daily more
venturesome.... At last Murat himself grew anxious. He saw half the
remnant of his cavalry melt away in these daily skirmishes.”
In Bulletin XXII. Napoleon only says—“The Cossacks attack our scouts....
The Turkish flags, as well as some curiosities taken from the Kremlin,
and the image of the Holy Virgin studded with diamonds, have been
forwarded to Paris.... Rostopchin is said to have gone mad.... He has
set his country-house on fire.... The sun is more brilliant and hotter
than in Paris, one might fancy oneself in the south.... The Russian army
does not approve of the burning of Moscow.... The Russians look on
Rostopchin as a Marat consoling himself in the society of Wilson, the
English _attaché_.”
Napoleon says not a word about his endeavours to conclude peace.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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