=Dutch=, explorations of the, 54-59; establish trading posts, 56; Indians and the, 56-57; fur traders, 57-58; settle New Netherland, 58-59; governed by Stuyvesant, 88-90; surrender to the English, 90-91; manners and customs of the, 91-92. =Dutch traders=, 56-59. =Dutch West India Company=, 88. "=Ebenezer=," German colony in Georgia, 102. =Edison, Thomas A.=, 380-385, 387; boyhood of, 380-381; experiments in telegraphy, 381; receives $40,000 for his inventions, 382; portrait of, 382; builds his first laboratory in Newark, 383; builds a second laboratory at Menlo Park, 383; invents microphone, megaphone, and phonograph, 383-384; develops the electric light, 384-385; and moving pictures, 385; and the dictaphone, 387. ="Edward," The=, 199. ="Effingham," The=, 199. =Egypt=, 446-448, 450; and the Nile, 446-447; irrigation in, 447; and its kings, 447; civilization in, 447-448; Phoenicians spread learning of, 450. =El Caney=, capture of, 356-357. =Electricity=, Edison the wizard of, 383-385. =Electric light=, developed by Edison, 384-385. =Eliot, John=, preaches to the Indians, 83-84. =Elizabeth, Queen of England=, knights Drake, 40; favors Raleigh, 43, 44; names colony of Virginia, 44. =Emancipation Proclamation=, 326. =England=, explorations made by, 34-47; claims large part of North America, 37; quarrel between Spain and, 37-42; first permanent settlement in America by, 60-61. =Ericson, Leif=, 1, 484. =Ericson, Thorvald=, 1-2. =Eric the Red=, 1. =Erie, Lake=, battle of, 244-245. =Erie Canal=, 262. =Euphrates River=, 448. =Eutaw Springs=, battle of, 189. =Evans, Oliver=, 388. =Fairfax, Lord=, 119, 122, 128; friend of Washington, 120; builds Greenway Court, 120; makes Washington public surveyor, 120; returns to England, 142. =Fair Oaks=, battle of, 338. =Faneuil Hall=, 169. =Fannin, General=, 280. =Farming=, _see_ Agriculture. =Farragut, Captain David=, 325. "=Father of Waters=," 112. =Federalist party=, 235. =Ferdinand and Isabella=, 6, 15. =Ferguson, Colonel=, 213; defeated at Kings Mountain, 213-214. =Field, Cyrus W.=, 268-272; early success of, 269; becomes interested in telegraph lines, 269; conceives idea of connecting Europe and America, 269; aided by Peter Cooper and other wealthy men, 269; success of invention of, 270; portrait of, 270; receives honors from many nations, 271; death, 272. =Fillmore, President=, 305. =Fitch, John=, 257. =Five Nations=, _see_ Iroquois. =Fletcher, Grace=, 302. =Florida=, De Leon takes possession of, 17; De Soto's expedition to, 24-26. =Flour mills=, 418. =Foch, Ferdinand=, 437, 438, 439. =Foote, Commodore=, 333. =Forbes, General=, 126. =Forts=, _see under_ names of forts.