A Beginner's History of Philosophy, Vol. 1: Ancient and Mediæval PhilosophyCushman, Herbert Ernest
Philosophy
A Beginner's History of Philosophy, Vol. 1: Ancient and Mediæval Philosophy
Cushman, Herbert Ernest
Philosophy -- History
The difference between philosophy and theology is not that theology
treats of God and divine truths, and philosophy does not. Philosophy
discusses divine truths. But the difference lies here, that theology
views truths in the light of revelation, while philosophy views them
in the light of reason. Yet there are truths that belong to philosophy,
truths that belong to theology, and truths that belong to both. The
problems of the existence of God, the immortality of the soul, and the
relation of the world to God are theological problems, yet they can
also be demonstrated by the reason of philosophy; but the mysteries of
the Trinity, the Incarnation, and the temporal creation are beyond the
scope of the reason and belong to theology. Philosophy and theology are
distinct, yet they are in harmony. Theology supplements philosophy with
faith; philosophy supplements theology by (1) establishing preliminary
motives, (2) supplying analogies, (3) answering objections. Thomas
accepts both propositions which had divided his predecessors: _credo
ut intelligam_ and _intelligo ut credam_.
Above historical revelation there is something even higher, which could
be called another realm, were it not more of a hope than a possession
of man. Its appearance in the doctrine of Thomas shows the influence
of Plato upon him. It is the immediate union of the individual with
God in mystic ecstasy.[64] It is the dome of the religious temple that
Thomas has built. But Thomas was careful to insist that this heavenly
glory could not be gained except through the offices of the church.
The individual cannot reach God through his own unaided efforts, but
the sacraments of the church form the mysterious background of the
religious life.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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