Augustine the historical position of, 306, 318, 335–338; the life of, 339, 340; the two elements in his teaching, 340, 341; the neo-Platonic element: the inner certainties of consciousness, 341–345; the authority of the church according to, 345–347. Aurelius, Marcus 243, 246. Bacon, Francis _Essay on Love_, 153 n. Bacon, Roger 387 n. Bardesanes Gnostic, 310. Basilides Gnostic, 310. Becoming word how used, 22; in Heracleitus’s doctrine, 29; according to Plato, 133, 136, 139. Being word how used, 22; in Parmenides’ doctrine, 33–35; Pythagorean conception of, 49–51; aspects under which it was conceived of, in Greek philosophy, 103, 104; according to Plato, 133, 136, 139. Benedictine Age, the 350. Berengar of Tours 359. Boëthius 300. Bollstaedt, Albert 377, 379. Bologna University of, 377. Burnet, John _Early Greek Philosophers_ cited, 17 n. Bury, J. B. _History of Greece_ cited, 12 n.; quoted, 16. Carneades 267. Carpocrates Gnostic, 310. Carthage 15, 16. Catechists the School of, 314–318. Catholic theologians the old, 312–314. Cause teleological, final, mechanical, and efficient, 105 n. _See_ Final cause, Efficient cause. Causes Aristotle’s, 187. Change Heracleitus’s doctrine of, 28, 29; has no existence in Parmenides’ philosophy, 34, 35; as conceived by the Pluralists, 40. Charlemagne the revival of, 349, 350. Christianity and neo-Platonism, difference in their conception of inspiration, 276, 277; rise of, 279, 280; summary of its history, 281; and neo-Platonism, 288–290; the Hellenizing of, 302–318; the early situation of, 302–305; the philosophies influencing, 305, 306; early, the periods of, 306, 307; the Apologists, 307–309; the Gnostics, 310–312; the reaction against Gnosticism (the old Catholic theologians), 312–314; Origen and the School of Catechists, 314–318; and Mohammedanism, 371–375. Chrysippus 242, 244, 245. Church authority of, according to Augustine, 345–347; strength and burden of Aristotle to, 378, 379; and state, Aquinas’s and Dante’s views of, 382. Cicero on Aristotle, 167; his work, 271, 272. Civilizations Christian and Mohammedan, 369–372; the first contact of, 372, 373; the conflict between, 374, 375. Classic Scholasticism period of, 333, 368–394. Cleanthes 242, 244–246. Clement 314. Conception and perception, 83 n.; importance of, to Socrates, 83; according to Plato, 134, 135; in Aristotle, 177–179. Conceptualism of Aristotle, 104; in the Middle Ages, 358, 364, 365. Consciousness formulation of the psychological conception of, 294; the inner certainties of, according to Augustine, 341–345.