Emerton, Ephraim _Mediæval Europe_, 374 n. Empedocles his conception of change, 40; his conception of the element, 40; his doctrine of the efficient cause, 41; his life, 43; the philosophy of, 44, 45. Empiricism 104 n. End defined, 105 n. _Entelechy_ 186. Epic, Greek importance of the, 8–10. Epictetus 243, 246. Epicureanism one of the New Schools, 222–225; and Stoicism, summary of agreements and differences, 225, 226; and the teaching of Aristippus, 229; ideal of, 230–233; the place of virtue in, 233; the Wise Man of, 234–236. _See_ Epicurus. Epicureans, the 228. Epicurus life of, 227, 228; and Aristippus, 229; his ideal, 230–233; his conception of the physical world, 238–240. _See_ Epicureanism. Epistemology Democritus’ contribution to, 114–116. Erigena, John Scotus 349, 350; life and teaching of, 350–352; the Greek principle which he formulated for the Middle Ages, 352, 353. Eristic defined, 60. Ethical period of the Hellenic-Roman period 208; general characteristics of, 215–218. Ethics tendency toward, among early Greeks, 11, 12; of the Sophists, 71–73; of Democritus, 116–118; Plato’s theory of, 153–158; of Aristotle, 199–202; of Plotinus, 297, 298. Eucken, Rudolf _Problem of Human Life_, 336 n. Euclid founder of the school at Megara, 93. Eudæmonism 87. Euhemerism 96. Eusebius on Aristotle, 167. Euthydemus 68. Evil the problem of, according to Stoicism, 260, 261. Fairbanks, Arthur _First Philosophers of Greece_, 6 n. Falckenberg, Richard _History of Modern Philosophy_, 3 n. Final cause defined, 105 n.; according to Aristotle, 187. Fire Heracleitus’s doctrine of, 30–32. Form and Matter in Aristotle, 186–192, 197–199; in Thomas Aquinas, 384. Formal cause 187. Franciscan tradition, the 385–387. Freedom the problem of, according to Epicurus, 240; according to Stoicism, 260, 261; according to Origen, 316, 317; according to Augustine, 345; according to Duns Scotus, 389. Gerbert 350. Glaber quoted, 354. Gnomic poets Greek, 10–12. Gnosticism 310–312; the reaction against, 312–314. God Plato’s conception of, 141, 142; Aristotle’s conception of, 190, 191; His will and His intellect, 386, 388, 389. Goethe quoted, 129, 167. Good Plato’s Idea of the, 140–142, 144; Plato’s theory of the, development of, 153, 154; the, of the Stoics, 250, 251. Gorgias 66, 67; the nihilism of, 70, 71. Gospel the Hellenizing of, 302–318. _See_ Christianity. Greece after the Persian Wars, 57–64. Greek Enlightenment, the 58–64, 82. Greek-Jewish philosophy of Philo 281–284; and neo-Platonism, 288.