_See_ Vol. I. _Page 462._ Footnote 88: _See Quest._ xx. _Page 70. Ante._ Quest. XXXI. QUEST. XXXI. _With whom was the covenant of grace made?_ ANSW. The covenant of grace was made with Christ as the second Adam; and in him, with all the elect, as his seed. As the covenant of grace is opposed to that which was made with Adam, as the head of mankind, so it is considered in this answer, as made with the second Adam, and, in him, with all his elect, who are described, by the Psalmist, as a _seed that should serve him, which should be accounted to the Lord for a generation_, Psal. xxii. 30. and the prophet Isaiah, speaking of them, says, _He shall see his seed_, Isa. liii. 10. In explaining this answer, we shall consider, I. What we are to understand by a covenant in general, and more particularly how it is to be understood, as used in scripture. The word commonly used in the Old Testament,[89] to signify a covenant, being taken in several senses, may be better understood, by the application thereof, in those places, where we find it, than by enquiring into the sense of the root, from whence it is derived. Sometimes, indeed, it signifies such a compact between two parties, as agrees with our common acceptation of the word, especially when applied to transactions between man and man; as in the covenant between Abraham, and those neighbouring princes, that were _confederate with him_, where the same word is used, in Gen. xiv. 13, and in the covenant between Isaac and Abimelech, mentioned in Gen. xxvi. 28, 29. and in that between Jonathan and David, in 1 Sam. xx. 16, 17. in all which instances there was mutual stipulation, and re-stipulation, as there is in human covenants; and, for this reason, some apply those ideas to the word, when it is used to signify God’s entering into covenant with man.