LONDON BRIDGE, OLD, robbed of her revenues by Henry III and his “dear wife,” 49-51; her history, 216-21; often ravaged by fire, 218-19; size of the arches and piers, 220-1; she was an arcaded dam to deepen the water for shipping on the eastern side, 220; her chapel, 216-17; diverting the course of the Thames while she was being built, 253-4; her drawbridge, 260-1; her gradual destruction, 219-20. LONDON BRIDGE, NEW, begun on March 15th, 1824, 219-20; her scale is too small to be in accord with a tremendous city and a vast old river, 256-7; the span of her finest arch, 309; much money wasted in hammer-dressing the masonry, 325-6; her length and her total cost, 357. “LONDINOPOLIS,” HOWELL’S, 216. LONDON’S ATTITUDE TO BRIDGES, past and present, 49-51, 256, 325, 326, 327. LOSTWITHIEL BRIDGE, 305 _footnote_. LOYANG BRIDGE, China, 126-7. LUDGATE HILL, London, its detestable railway bridge, 326. LUDLOW BRIDGE had a chapel, 231. LUYNES, REMAINS OF A ROMAN AQUEDUCT AT, 176. LYDSTEP ARCH on the coast of Pembroke, a Nature-made archway that resembles a bridge, 150 _footnote_. LYON, ROMAN AQUEDUCT AT, 176, 213; at Lyon, in 1755, an attempt was made to build an iron bridge, but it failed, 348. MACHICOLATIONS, openings between the corbels that support a projecting parapet, or in the floor of a gallery or the roof of a portal, for shooting or dropping missiles and boiling liquids upon assailants attacking the base of the walls. They were used in the defence of old bastille bridges, and silly modern engineers have copied them as dummy ornaments with which to decorate trumpery defenceless gateways and towers, 275, 323. MACHINE-WORSHIP, or the worship of machines, 78, 79, 341. MAGALHANES, P., on the Chinese bridge of Pulisangan, 311 _footnote_. MARCIAN AQUEDUCT, 189, and _footnote_. MARCO POLO, on Chinese bridges in the thirteenth century, 128, 210, 310, 313. MARNUN, PUL-I, at Isfahan, 212. MARTINEAU, JAMES, on the law of battle, 36. MARTORELL BRIDGE in Spain, 27 _footnote_. MASONS’ MARKS, Roman, 171. MATHEMATICIANS, how they interfered in bridge-building of the 18th century, 337. MATHILDA, QUEEN, twelfth century, builds and endows Bow Bridge, 98. MEAUX, THE MILLER’S BRIDGE AT, 209, 223. MEDIÆVAL CHURCH, she protected bridges, 40, 51, 96, 207; see also “Bridge Chapels.” MEN OF TRADE in their relation to bridges, 77, 78 _et seq._, 326 _et seq._, 349 _et seq._, 357-8. MEN, ORDINARY, are the mimics and mechanics of genius, 58. MENAI BRIDGE, 344. MÉNARD, M., historian of Nîmes, 174. MENKAURA, PYRAMID OF, at Gizeh, has a pointed arch, 156. MÉRIDA, in Spain, her Roman aqueducts and bridges, 181, 182, 200, 285 _footnote_. MEROE, IN A PYRAMID AT, there is a semicircular arch composed of voussoirs, 160.