“Slowly at first, but afterwards more rapidly, these effigies were
thrust farther into view, each revealing a body four or five feet long,
painted, like the head, black on the back and white on the belly.
When they were fully extended the song grew louder, and the effigies
moved back and forth, raising and depressing their heads in time,
wagging them to one side or the other in unison. They seemed to bite
ferociously at each other, and viciously darted at men standing near
the screen. This remarkable play continued for some time, when suddenly
the heads of the serpents bent down to the floor and swept across the
imitation corn field, knocking over the clay pedestals and the corn
leaves which they supported. Then the effigies raised their heads and
wagged them back and forth as before. It was observed that the largest
effigy, or that in the middle, had several udders on each side of the
belly, and that she apparently suckled the others. Meanwhile the roar
emitted from behind the screen by a concealed man continued, and wild
excitement seemed to prevail. Some of the spectators threw meal at the
effigies, offering prayers, amid shouts from others. The masked man,
representing a woman, stepped forward and presented the contents of
the basket tray to the serpent effigies for food, after which he held
his breasts to them as if to suckle them.
“Shortly after this the song diminished in volume, the effigies were
slowly drawn back through the openings, the flaps on which the sun
symbols were painted fell back in place, and after one final roar, made
by the man behind the screen, the room was again silent. The overturned
pedestals with their corn leaves were distributed among the spectators,
and the two men by the fireplace again held up their blankets before
the fire, while the screen was silently rolled up, and the actors with
their paraphernalia departed.”
There are some acts in the drama into which the serpent effigies do
not enter at all. In the fifth act these Great Snakes rise up out of
the orifices of two vases instead of darting out from the screen. This
action is produced by strings hidden in the kiva rafters, the winding
of heads and struggles and gyrations of the sinuous bodies being the
more realistic because in the dim light the strings were invisible.
In the fourth act two masked girls, elaborately dressed in white
ceremonial blankets, usually participate. Upon their entrance they
assume a kneeling posture and at a given signal proceed to grind
meal upon mealing stones placed before the fire, singing, and
accompanied by the clapping of hands. “In some years marionettes
representing Corn Maids are substituted for the two masked girls,”
Dr. Fewkes explains, “in the act of grinding corn, and these two
figures are very skillfully manipulated by concealed actors. Although
this representation was not introduced in 1900, it has often been
described to me, and one of the Hopi men has drawn me a picture of the
marionettes.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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