The advance on Cold Harbor was led by the First and Second Divisions of
the cavalry corps under Sheridan. The Third Division under Wilson
had been sent out on the right flank to tear up the Virginia Central
railroad. That duty was performed, and at the same time Wilson's
division engaged the Georgia cavalry under Gen. P. B. M. Young, at
Hanover Court House. The Confederates were driven out. In the meantime
we were having our hands full at Cold Harbor, toward which place we
marched all night, after the fight at Hawes's Shop. Sheridan had pushed
forward Torbert's division, and a severe fight was had with the enemy,
resulting in the occupancy of Cold Harbor and the important cross-roads
by the First Division. While Torbert's men were fighting at Cold Harbor,
our division guarded the road near Old Church. An order came from
Sheridan for Gregg to send re-enforcements, to Torbert, and Davies's
brigade was ordered to the front. We arrived too late to help the First
Division drive out the rebels, but we were in time to assist in holding
Cold Harbor the next day till the infantry came to our relief.
Sheridan had concluded that he could not hold Cold Harbor without
infantry support, and the doughboys were eight or ten miles away. Orders
were given to fall back to Old Church during the night of May 31. The
withdrawal was made in good order, and we were congratulating ourselves
on escaping from the trap the rebel infantry was preparing to spring
upon us at daybreak, when we received orders to face about and hold Cold
Harbor “at all hazards.” Back we went, and preparations were made for
resisting the attack of the enemy, which we felt sure would be made
at daylight. If the rebels had discovered that we had moved out of the
breastworks in their front, and had advanced and occupied the line,
they could have held Cold Harbor against our four brigades, as the
Confederate cavalry was supported by Hoke's and Kershaw's infantry.
Our position at Cold Harbor was anything but satisfactory, as we “turned
doughboys” and began to dig for our lives, the necessity of entrenching
our line being well understood, as we were to fight on foot. Sheridan
says in his Memoirs, speaking of the return to Cold Harbor: “We now
found that the temporary breastworks of rails and logs which the
Confederates had built were of incalculable benefit to us in furnishing
material with which to establish a line of defense, they being made
available by simply reversing them at some points, or at others wholly
reconstructing them to suit the circumstances of the ground. The troops,
without reserves, were then placed behind our cover, dismounted, boxes
of ammunition distributed along the line, and the order passed along
that the place must be held. All this was done in the darkness, and
while we were working away at our cover, the enemy could be distinctly
heard from our skirmish line giving commands and making preparations to
attack.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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