Since 1876, a school for forest guards and private underforesters has been in existence, where 6 students are annually accepted for a two years’ course. In addition there are two instructors provided by the government, wandering teachers who are to advise private owners. Premiums are paid for the best managed woodlots on the government farms. The Finnish forestry association, which is in part of propagandist nature, was organized in 1877. It supplies, besides an annual report, other forestry literature, and employs an experienced planter to direct efforts at reforestation. A forestry journal (quarterly) is also published, and a professional literature is beginning to start into existence. * * * * * It may be of interest in this connection to cite a rough calculation made by Dr. Mayr of the available material in European Russia and Finland combined, which he places at 4,500 million cubic feet, and of which he considers one-half available for export. It is impossible to prognosticate what position Russia and Finland, together the largest wood producers in Europe, will take in the future world commerce, and how rapidly better practices, for which the machinery is already half started, will become generally adopted. At present, especially in Russia proper, the general corruption of the bureaucracy is an almost insurmountable obstacle to improvement. THE SCANDINAVIAN STATES. In the English language the _Report on Forestry in Sweden_, by Gen. C. C. ANDREWS, U. S. Minister at Stockholm, 1872, revised 1900, 35 pp., gives a statement of present conditions with historical notes. A very good idea in detail of the wood trade of Sweden may be obtained from _The Wood Industries of Sweden_, published by TIMBER TRADES JOURNAL of London in 1896. _La Suède, son Peuple et son industrie_, by G. SUNDBARG, 1900, 2 vols., contains several pertinent chapters. It is an official work, very complete, and was translated into English in 1904. _The Economic History of the Swedish Forest_, by GUNNAR SCHOTTE, 1905. 32 pp., in Swedish, published by the forestry association, gives a brief account of conditions and data of the forestry movement. _Norway._ Official publication for the Paris Exposition, 1900, contains a chapter on Forestry by K. A. Fauchald, pp. 322-350, with a map of forest distribution. _Skogsvaesenets Historie_ ved Skogs direktoren, I Del, Historik, 1909, is an official publication of the Norwegian Forest administration, giving a full account of the development during the 50 years from 1857 to 1907, with notes of the earlier history. _Le Danemarc. Etat Actuel de sa civilization et de son organization sociale_, by J. CARLSEN, H. OLRIC and C. N. STARCKE, 1900, 714 pp. _Denmark, its history and topography, etc._, by H. WEITEMEYER, 1891. _Bidrag til det Danske Skovbrugs Historie_, by O. LÜTKEN, 1900, was not accessible to the writer.