_La Fayette's Visit_ to this country (1824) as "the nation's guest" was a joyous event. He traveled through each of the twenty-four States, and was everywhere welcomed with delight. His visit to the tomb of Washington was full of affectionate remembrance. He was carried home in a national vessel, the Brandywine, named in honor of the battle in which La Fayette first drew his sword in behalf of the colonies. FOREIGN AFFAIRS.--_Florida_.--By a treaty (1819), Spain now ceded Florida to the United States. (See p. 146.) _Monroe Doctrine_.--In one of President Monroe's messages he advocated a principle since famous as the _Monroe Doctrine_. He declared that any attempt by a European nation to gain dominion in America would be considered by the United States as an unfriendly act. POLITICAL PARTIES.--Divisions now became apparent in the great party which had twice so triumphantly elected Monroe as President. The whig party, as it came to be called in Jackson's time, was forming in opposition to the republican--thenceforth known as the democratic party. The whigs were in favor of a protective tariff, and a general system of internal improvements; the democrats opposed these. No one of the four candidates obtaining a majority of votes, the election went to the House of Representatives, where John Quincy Adams, son of John Adams, was chosen. [Footnote: John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay were the champions of the whigs; Andrew Jackson and John C. Calhoun, of the democrats. In 1834, the democrats began to be called "Locofocos," because, at a meeting in Tammany Hall, the lights having been put out, were relighted with locofoco matches, which several, expecting such an event, had carried in their pockets.] [Footnote: A _protective tariff_ is a duty imposed on imported goods for the purpose of encouraging their manufacture at home. By _internal improvements_ are meant the improving of the navigation of rivers, the building of bridges and railroads, the dredging of harbors, etc.] J. Q. ADAMS'S ADMINISTRATION.