[34] Joseph-Juste Scaliger, the celebrated philologist, was born at Agen in 1540, and died at Leyden in 1609. His _Cyclometrica elementa_, to which De Morgan refers, appeared at Leyden in 1594. [35] The title is: _In hoc libra contenta.... Introductio i geometri[=a].... Liber de quadratura circuli. Liber de cubicatione sphere. Perspectiva introductio_. Carolus Bovillus, or Charles Bouvelles (Boueelles, Bouilles, Bouvel), was born at Saucourt, Picardy, about 1470, and died at Noyon about 1533. He was canon and professor of theology at Noyon. His _Introductio_ contains considerable work on star polygons, a favorite study in the Middle Ages and early Renaissance. His work _Que hoc volumine contin[=e]tur. Liber de intellectu. Liber de sensu_, etc., appeared at Paris in 1509-10. [36] Nicolaus Cusanus, Nicolaus Chrypffs or Krebs, was born at Kues on the Mosel in 1401, and died at Todi, Umbria, August 11, 1464. He held positions of honor in the church, including the bishopric of Brescia. He was made a cardinal in 1448. He wrote several works on mathematics, his _Opuscula varia_ appearing about 1490, probably at Strasburg, but published without date or place. His _Opera_ appeared at Paris in 1511 and again in 1514, and at Basel in 1565. [37] Henry Stephens (born at Paris about 1528, died at Lyons in 1598) was one of the most successful printers of his day. He was known as _Typographus Parisiensis_, and to his press we owe some of the best works of the period. [38] Jacobus Faber Stapulensis (Jacques le Fevre d'Estaples) was born at Estaples, near Amiens, in 1455, and died at Nerac in 1536. He was a priest, vicar of the bishop of Meaux, lecturer on philosophy at the College Lemoine in Paris, and tutor to Charles, son of Francois I. He wrote on philosophy, theology, and mathematics. [39] Claude-Francois Milliet de Challes was born at Chambery in 1621, and died at Turin in 1678. He edited _Euclidis Elementorum libri octo_ in 1660, and published a _Cursus seu mundus mathematicus_, which included a short history of mathematics, in 1674. He also wrote on mathematical geography. [40] This date should be 1503, if he refers to the first edition. It is well known that this is the first encyclopedia worthy the name to appear in print. It was written by Gregorius Reisch (born at Balingen, and died at Freiburg in 1487), prior of the cloister at Freiburg and confessor to Maximilian I. The first edition appeared at Freiburg in 1503, and it passed through many editions in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The title of the 1504 edition reads: _Aepitoma omnis phylosophiae. alias Margarita phylosophica tractans de omni genere scibili: Cum additionibus: Quae in alijs non habentur_. [41] This is the _Introductio in arithmeticam Divi S. Boetii.... Epitome rerum geometricarum ex geometrica introductio C. Bovilli. De quadratura circuli demonstratio ex Campano_, that appeared without date about 1507.