[444] Francis Maseres (1731-1824), a prominent lawyer. His mathematical works had some merit. [445] These appeared annually from 1804 to 1822. [446] Henry Gunning (1768-1854) was senior esquire bedell of Cambridge. The _Reminiscences_ appeared in two volumes in 1854. [447] John Singleton Copley, Baron Lyndhurst (1772-1863), the son of John Singleton Copley the portrait painter, was born in Boston. He was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, and became a lawyer. He was made Lord Chancellor in 1827. [448] Sir William Rough (c. 1772-1838), a lawyer and poet, became Chief Justice of Ceylon in 1836. He was knighted in 1837. [449] Herbert Marsh, afterwards Bishop of Peterborough, a relation of my father.--S. E. De M. He was born in 1757 and died in 1839. On the trial of Frend he publicly protested against testifying against a personal confidant, and was excused. He was one of the first of the English clergy to study modern higher criticism of the Bible, and amid much opposition he wrote numerous works on the subject. He was professor of theology at Cambridge (1707), Bishop of Llandaff (1816), and Bishop of Peterborough. [450] George Butler (1774-1853), Headmaster of Harrow (1805-1829), Chancellor of Peterborough (1836), and Dean of Peterborough (1842). [451] James Tate (1771-1843), Headmaster of Richmond School (1796-1833) and Canon of St. Paul's Cathedral (1833). He left several works on the classics. [452] Francis Place (1771-1854), at first a journeyman breeches maker, and later a master tailor. He was a hundred years ahead of his time as a strike leader, but was not so successful as an agitator as he was as a tailor, since his shop in Charing Cross made him wealthy. He was a well-known radical, and it was largely due to his efforts that the law against the combinations of workmen was repealed in 1824. His chief work was _The Principles of Population_ (1822). [453] Speed (1552-1629) was a tailor until Grevil (Greville) made him independent of his trade. He was not only an historian of some merit, but a skilful cartographer. His maps of the counties were collected in the _Theatre of the Empire of Great Britaine_, 1611. About this same time he also published _Genealogies recorded in Sacred Scripture_, a work that had passed through thirty-two editions by 1640. [454] _The history of Great Britaine under the conquests of ye Romans, Saxons, Danes, and Normans...._ London, 1611, folio. The second edition appeared in 1623; the third, to which De Morgan here refers, posthumously in 1632; and the fourth in 1650. [455] William Nicolson (1655-1727) became Bishop of Carlisle in 1702, and Bishop of Derry in 1718. His chief work was the _Historical Library_ (1696-1724), in the form of a collection of documents and chronicles. It was reprinted in 1736 and in 1776.