Pliny relates (_H. N._, xxxiv., 53) that four artists, Polycleitos, Pheidias, Cresilas and Phradmon, made statues of Amazons which were placed in the temple of Artemis at Ephesus. Polycleitos was accounted to have won the competition, as he obtained the second vote of each of his rivals. This account of the contest has the appearance of a late invention. There are, however, many statues and busts of wounded Amazons which appear to be copies, more or less exact, of three types, different one from another, but yet so far alike that they may have been produced by artists working on one plan. The present head belongs to the type which various archaeologists (Klügmann, _Rhein. Mus._ 1866, p. 327; Michaelis, _Jahrb. des Arch. Inst._, i., p. 40) have assigned to Polycleitos. The complete figure is that of a wounded Amazon, leaning with the left arm on a pillar, and having the right hand resting on the top of the head. _Brought to England by Lyde Brown. Purchased by Townley, 1774._--_Townley Coll._ Greek marble; height of ancient portion, 10-1/4 inches. Restorations:--Tip of nose, throat and bust. _Mus. Marbles_, X., pl. 5; _Guide to Græco-Roman Sculptures_, I., No. 150; Murray, I., p. 280; _Jahrbuch des Arch. Inst._, I., 1886, pl. 3, No. 2; p. 16, _K_, (Michaelis). There is a drawing by Cipriani in the British Museum (_Add. MSS._ 21,118, No. 12). The best examples of the type are:--(_a_) A statue at Lansdowne House, London. _Specimens of Ant. Sculpture_, II., pl. 10. _Cat. of Lansdowne Marbles_, No. 83. (_b_) A bronze head from Herculaneum, now in the Museum at Naples. Comparetti, _La Villa Ercolanese_, pl. 8, fig. 1. (_c_) Compare the Amazon on the Phigaleian frieze (No. 522). For further literature and examples, see Michaelis, _loc. cit._ [Sidenote: =504.=] Head of Hera (?). Ideal female head wearing a lofty diadem. The hair was brought to the back of the head, where it was tied in a knot, now lost. It is thought possible that this head may be derived from the Argive statue of Hera by Polycleitos, for which the coins of Argos may be compared (_Journ. of Hellen. Studies_, vi., pl. 54, Nos. 12-15).--_Girgenti._ Marble; height, 1 foot 4 inches. The lower part of the back of the head on the right side, which had been broken, has been in modern times roughly carved on the fractured surface to represent hair, and the end of the diadem. The surface of the face has also suffered from being worked over. The genuineness of the sculpture has been questioned, without reason. _Mon. dell' Inst._, IX., pl. 1; Helbig, _Annali dell' Inst._, 1869, p. 144; Overbeck, _Gr. Kunstmyth._, pl. 9, figs. 4, 5; II., p. 81, 3; Murray, I., p. 268; Wolters, No. 501; Furtwaengler, _Arch. Zeit._, 1885, p. 275, fig. A; Murray, _Römische Mittheilungen_, I., p. 123. THE TEMPLE OF APOLLO AT PHIGALEIA.