Finally, there is a type of monument, which contains the
representation of some animal more or less associated with the grave,
such as the cock (Conze, No. 22, pl. 13) or the Sphinx (Conze, No. 16,
pl. 10, fig. 1_b_).
The foregoing are the main types of the early Attic reliefs. The
British Museum does not contain any specimens of the early period, but
the study of the early reliefs enables us to classify the later works,
and to distinguish the indigenous Attic types from those that are
imported, or of later development.
_Decorative Stelae._--The stelae crowned with the palmette and
acanthus acroteria are described below, Nos. 599-618. They are
principally derived from Athens, but several specimens (Nos. 611-618)
roughly worked in coarse limestone are a part of the collection of
sculptures from Kertch. One of the best examples of Attic work of
this class in the British Museum, will be found in the Department of
Egyptian and Assyrian antiquities, namely the stelè of Artemidoros
with a bilingual Greek and Phoenician inscription. (Dodwell, _Tour_
i., p. 411; _Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, cix.)
_Scenes from Daily Life and figures of Animals._--The monuments
with portraits and scenes from daily life are catalogued below, Nos.
619-679. The incidents chosen are taken from all parts of life, and
in late times are apt to be of a _genre_ character with scenes from
children's games, &c.
Reliefs with figures of horsemen, where the scene appears only to be
an incident from daily life, and not connected with the heroification
of the deceased, have also been placed here (Nos. 638, 661-666).
Examples of the figure of an animal placed on the tomb, of a symbolic
or decorative character, are best seen among the archaic sculptures
(compare those from Xanthos), but the bull, No. 680, is a specimen of
a figure from an Attic stelè.
The types which have been described so far, are simple records of
the deceased person. We turn now to various classes, which are not
represented among the Attic remains of the archaic period, and which
are more or less of religious or ritualist significance.
_Vases._--The Sepulchral Vases, which are represented either in relief
or in the round, are a common form of monument at Athens, and are
connected with the observances paid to the dead. These vases which are
sometimes lekythi, and sometimes amphorae or hydriae, may be decorated
with patterns, or with subjects in relief, such as appear on other
sepulchral stelae. They probably are to be traced from the vessels of
pottery in which offerings were brought, to be poured out as libations
on the tomb. Compare below the account of the "Sepulchral Banquet."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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