A Civic Biology, Presented in ProblemsHunter, George W. (George William)
Science
A Civic Biology, Presented in Problems
Hunter, George W. (George William)
Biology; Sanitation
Seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth weeks. CIVIC HYGIENE AND SANITATION.
Hygiene of special senses, eye and ear. A well citizen an efficient
citizen. Public health is purchasable. Improvement of environment a means
of obtaining this. Civic hygiene and sanitation. Cleaning up neighborhood,
inquiry into home and street conditions. Fighting the fly. Conditions of
milk and water supply. Relation of above to disease. Work of Board of
Health, etc. Review and Examinations.
SUGGESTED SYLLABUS FOR COURSE BEGINNING FEBRUARY 1
AND ENDING THE FOLLOWING JANUARY
FIRST TERM
First week. WHY STUDY BIOLOGY? Relation to human health, hygiene. Relations
existing between plants and animals. Relation of bacteria to man. Uses of
plants and animals. Conservation of plants and animals. Relation to life of
citizen in this city. Needs of plants and animals: (1) food, (2) water, (3)
air, (4) proper temperature. Study of a single plant or animal in relation
to its environment. Problems of city government: (_a_) storage,
preservation and distribution of foods, (_b_) water supply, (_c_)
overcrowded tenements, (_d_) street cleaning, (_e_) clean schools.
Biological problems in city government.
Second week. INTERRELATIONS BETWEEN PLANTS AND ANIMALS. Plants furnish
food, clothing, shelter, and medicine. Animals use food, shelter. Man's use
of plants as above. Man's use of animals as above. Plant and animal
industries. Use of balanced aquarium as illustrative material.
Third week. DESTRUCTION OF FOOD AND OTHER THINGS BY MOLD. Home experiment.
Conditions favorable to growth of mold. Food, moisture, temperature.
Destruction of commodities by mold: food, leather, clothing.
Fourth week, fifth week. DESTRUCTION OF FOODS BY BACTERIA. Experiment. To
show where bacteria are found. Soil, dust, water, milk, hands, mouth. Use
and harm of decay. Relation to agriculture. Experiment. Conditions
favorable and unfavorable to growth of bacteria: boiling, cold, sugar,
salt. Bacteria in relation to disease briefly mentioned. Bacteria in
industries.
Sixth week. USE OF STORED FOOD BY YOUNG GREEN PLANT: (_a_) for energy,
(_b_) for construction of tissue. Experiment. Structure of bean seed. Draw
to show outer coat, cotyledon, hypocotyl, and plumule. Test for starch and
sugar (grape). Test for oil, protein, water, mineral matter. Use of all
nutrients to seedling.
Seventh week. OTHER NEEDS OF YOUNG PLANTS. Home experiments to show (_a_)
temperature, (_b_) amount of water most favorable to germination.
Experiment. To show need of oxygen. To show that germinating seeds give off
carbon dioxide. Proof of presence of carbon dioxide in breath. The needs of
a young plant compared with those of a boy or girl.
Eighth week. DIGESTION IN SEEDLING. Structure of corn grain. Experiment. To
show that starch is digested in a growing seedling (corn). Experiment. To
show that diastase digests starch. Discussion of experiments.
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