(13) Mention instances where work is a curse. (14) Is success possible when the right man is found doing his best in the wrong place? (15) Whom do you consider the most successful American? Give reasons. GENERAL EXERCISES IN TESTING THE VALIDITY OF CATEGORICAL ARGUMENTS. _Let the student give attention to the fallacies in meaning as well as to the fallacies in form._ 1. None but those who are contented with their lot in life can justly be considered happy. But the truly wise man will always make himself contented with his lot in life, and, therefore he may justly be considered happy. Keynes. 2. Suffering is a title to an excellent inheritance; for God chastens every son whom he receives. Keynes. 3. No young man is wise; for only experience can give wisdom, and experience comes only with age. Keynes. 4. Dr. Johnson remarked that “a man who sold a penknife was not necessarily an iron-monger.” Against what logical fallacy was this remark directed? Explain. Keynes. 5. This pamphlet contains seditious doctrines, the spread of which may be dangerous to the state; hence the pamphlet must be suppressed. Keynes. 6. Good workmen do not complain of their tools: my pupils do not complain of their tools; therefore, my pupils are probably good workmen. Keynes. 7. Knowledge gives power; consequently, since power is desirable, knowledge is desirable. Keynes. 8. Some who are truly wise are not learned; but the virtuous alone are truly wise; the learned, therefore, are not always virtuous. Keynes. 9. The spread of education among the lower orders will make them unfit for their work; for it has always had that effect on those among them who happen to have acquired it in previous times. Keynes. 10. Slavery is a natural institution and therefore ought not to be abolished. Russell. 11. The yardstick of success is the dollar, and you have made your millions. 12. “All who talk well are not necessarily intelligent, and A is certainly a spell-binder.” 13. Gold and silver are the wealth of a country; consequently, the diminution of gold and silver by exportation must mean the diminution of the wealth of a country. Russell. 14. A miracle is unbelievable, because it fails to conform to known laws of nature. 15. Improbable events happen every day; now, what happens every day is a probable event; therefore, improbable events are probable events. 16. What fallacy did Columbus commit when he made the egg stand on end by breaking one end? 17. Some holder of a ticket is sure to draw the prize; and, as I am a ticket holder, I am sure to draw the prize. Russell. 18. All the members of the jury are just men, hence you may trust the foreman.