=Anaximĕnes=, a philosopher, son of Erasistratus and disciple of Anaximander, whom he succeeded in his school. He said that the air was the cause of every created being, and a self-existent divinity, and that the sun, the moon, and the stars, had been made from the earth. He considered the earth as a plain, and the heavens as a solid concave figure, on which the stars were fixed like nails, an opinion prevalent at that time, and from which originated the proverb, τι εἰ οὐρανος ἐμπεσοι, _if the heavens should fall?_ to which Horace has alluded, bk. 3, _Odes_, poem 3, li. 7. He died 504 years B.C. _Cicero_, _Academicæ Quæstiones_, bk. 4, ch. 37; _de Natura Deorum_, bk. 1, ch. 10.――_Plutarch_, _Quæstiones Convivales_. ――_Pliny_, bk. 2, ch. 76.――――A native of Lampsacus, son of Aristocles. He was pupil to Diogenes the cynic, and preceptor to Alexander the Great, of whose life, and that of Philip, he wrote the history. When Alexander, in a fit of anger, threatened to put to death all the inhabitants of Lampsacus, because they had maintained a long siege against him, Anaximenes was sent by his countrymen to appease the king, who, as soon as he saw him, swore he would not grant the favour he was going to ask. Upon this, Anaximenes begged the king to destroy the city and enslave the inhabitants, and by this artful request the city of Lampsacus was saved from destruction. Besides the life of Philip and his son, he wrote a history of Greece, in 12 books, all now lost. His nephew bore the same name, and wrote an account of ancient paintings. _Pausanias_, bk. 6, ch. 18.――_Valerius Maximus_, bk. 7, ch. 3.――_Diogenes Laërtius_, _Lives of Eminent Philosophers_. =Anaxipŏlis=, a comic poet of Thasos. _Pliny_, bk. 14, ch. 14.――――A writer on agriculture, likewise of Thasos. =Anaxippus=, a comic writer in the age of Demetrius. He used to say, that philosophers were wise only in their speeches, but fools in their actions. _Athenæus._ =Anaxirrhoe=, a daughter of Coronus, who married Epeus. _Pausanias_, bk. 5, ch. 1. =Anaxis=, a Bœotian historian, who wrote a history down to the age of Philip son of Amyntas. _Diodorus_, bk. 25.――――A son of Castor and Hilaira. =Anaxo=, a virgin of Trœzene carried away by Theseus. _Plutarch_, _Theseus_.――――A daughter of Alceus, mother of Alcmene by Electryon.