=Antiŏchia=, the name of a Syrian province. _Mela_, bk. 1, ch. 14. ――――A city of Syria, once the third city of the world for beauty, greatness, and population. It was built by Antiochus and Seleucus Nicanor, partly on a hill and partly in a plain. It has the river Orontes in its neighbourhood, with a celebrated grove called Daphne; whence, for the sake of distinction, it has been called Antiochia near Daphne. _Dionysius Periegeta._――――A city called also Nisibis, in Mesopotamia, built by Seleucus son of Antiochus.――――The capital of Pisidia, 92 miles at the east of Ephesus.――――A city on mount Cragus.――――Another near the river Tigris, 25 leagues from Seleucia on the west.――――Another in Margiana, called Alexandria and Seleucia. ――――Another near mount Taurus, on the confines of Syria.――――Another of Caria, on the river Meander. =Antiŏchis=, the name of the mother of Antiochus the son of Seleucus. ――――A tribe of Athens. =Antiŏchus=, surnamed _Soter_, was son of Seleucus, and king of Syria in Asia. He made a treaty of alliance with Ptolemy Philadelphus king of Egypt. He fell into a lingering disease, which none of his father’s physicians could cure for some time, till it was discovered that his pulse was more irregular than usual when Stratonice his stepmother entered his room, and that love for her was the cause of his illness. This was told to the father, who willingly gave Stratonice to his son, that his immoderate love might not cause his death. He died 291 B.C., after a reign of 19 years. _Justin_, bk. 17, ch. 2, &c.――_Valerius Maximus_, bk. 5.――_Polybius_, bk. 4. ――_Appian._――――The second of that name, surnamed _Theos_ (_God_) by the Milesians, because he put to death their tyrant Timarchus, was son and successor to Antiochus Soter. He put an end to the war which had been begun with Ptolemy; and, to strengthen the peace, he married Berenice, the daughter of the Ægyptian king. This so offended his former wife Laodice, by whom he had two sons, that she poisoned him, and suborned Artemon, whose features were similar to his, to represent him as king. Artemon, subservient to her will, pretended to be indisposed, and as king, called all the ministers, and recommended to them Seleucus, surnamed Callinicus, son of Laodice, as his successor. After this ridiculous imposture, it was made public that the king had died a natural death, and Laodice placed her son on the throne, and despatched Berenice and her son, 246 years before the christian era. _Appian._――――The third of that name, surnamed the _Great_, brother to Seleucus Ceraunus, was king of Syria and Asia, and reigned 36 years. He was defeated by Ptolemy Philopater at Rapeia, after which he made war against Persia, and took Sardes. After the death of Philopater, he endeavoured to crush his infant son Epiphanes: but his guardians solicited the aid of the Romans, and Antiochus was compelled to resign his pretensions.