=Appiānus=, a Greek historian of Alexandria, who flourished A.D. 123. His universal history, which consisted of 24 books, was a series of history of all the nations that had been conquered by the Romans, in the order of time; and in the composition, the writer displayed, with a style simple and unadorned, a great knowledge of military affairs, and described his battles in a masterly manner. This excellent work is greatly mutilated, and there is extant now only the account of the Punic, Syrian, Parthian, Mithridatic, and Spanish wars, with those of Illyricum and the civil dissensions, with a fragment of the Celtic wars. In his preface, Appian has enlarged on the boundaries of that mighty empire, of which he was the historian. The best editions are those of Tollius and Variorum, 2 vols., 8vo, Amsterdam, 1670, and that of Schweigheuserus, 3 vols., 8vo, Lipscomb, 1785. He was so eloquent that the emperor highly promoted him in the state. =Appii Forum=, now _Borgo Longo_, a little village not far from Rome, built by the consul Appius. _Horace_, bk. 1, satire 5. =Appius=, the prænomen of an illustrious family at Rome.――――A censor of that name, A.U.C. 442. _Horace_, bk. 1, satire 6. =Appius Claudius=, a decemvir who obtained his power by force and oppression. He attempted the virtue of Virginia, whom her father killed to preserve her chastity. This act of violence was the cause of a revolution in the state, and the ravisher destroyed himself when cited to appear before the tribunal of his country. _Livy_, bk. 3, ch. 33.――――Claudius Cæcus, a Roman orator, who built the Appian way and many aqueducts in Rome. When Pyrrhus, who was come to assist the Tarentines against Rome, demanded peace of the senators, Appius, grown old in the service of the republic, caused himself to be carried to the senate house, and by his authority dissuaded them from granting a peace which would prove dishonourable to the Roman name. _Ovid_, _Fasti_, bk. 6, li. 203.――_Cicero_, _Brutus_ & _Tusculanæ Disputationes_, bk. 4.――――A Roman who, when he heard that he had been proscribed by the triumvirs, divided his riches among his servants, and embarked with them for Sicily. In their passage the vessel was shipwrecked, and Appius alone saved his life. _Appian_, bk. 4.――――Claudius Crassus, a consul, who, with Spurius Naut. Rutilius, conquered the Celtiberians, and was defeated by Perseus king of Macedonia. _Livy._――――Claudius Pulcher, a grandson of Appius Claudius Cæcus, consul in the age of Sylla, retired from grandeur to enjoy the pleasures of a private life.――――Clausus, a general of the Sabines, who, upon being ill treated by his countrymen, retired to Rome with 5000 of his friends, and was admitted into the senate in the early ages of the republic. _Plutarch_, _Poplicola [Publicola]_.――――Herdonius, seized the capitol with 4000 exiles, A.U.C. 292, and was soon after overthrown. _Livy_, bk. 3, ch.