=Archibiădes=, a philosopher of Athens, who affected the manners of the Spartans, and was very inimical to the views and measures of Phocion. _Plutarch_, _Phocion_.――――An ambassador of Byzantium, &c. _Polyænus_, bk. 4, ch. 44. =Archibius=, the son of the geographer Ptolemy. =Archidamia=, a priestess of Ceres, who, on account of her affection for Aristomenes, restored him to liberty when he had been taken prisoner by her female attendants at the celebration of their festivals. _Pausanias_, bk. 4, ch. 17.――――A daughter of Cleadas, who upon hearing that her countrymen the Spartans were debating whether they should send away their women to Crete against the hostile approach of Pyrrhus, seized a sword, and ran to the senate house, exclaiming that the women were as able to fight as the men. Upon this the decree was repealed. _Plutarch_, _Pyrrhus_.――_Polyænus_, bk. 8, ch. 8. =Archidāmus=, son of Theopompus king of Sparta, died before his father. _Pausanias._――――Another, king of Sparta, son of Anaxidamus, succeeded by Agasicles.――――Another, son of Agesilaus of the family of the Proclidæ.――――Another, grandson of Leotychidas by his son Zeuxidamus. He succeeded his grandfather, and reigned in conjunction with Plistoanax. He conquered the Argives and Arcadians, and privately assisted the Phocians in plundering the temple of Delphi. He was called to the aid of Tarentum against the Romans, and killed there in a battle, after a reign of 33 years. _Diodorus_, bk. 16. ――_Xenophon._――――Another, son of Eudamidas.――――Another, who conquered the Helots, after a violent earthquake. _Diodorus_, bk. 11.――――A son of Agesilaus, who led the Spartan auxiliaries to Cleombrotus at the battle of Leuctra, and was killed in a battle against the Lucanians. B.C. 338.――――A son of Xenius Theopompus. _Pausanias._ =Archidas=, a tyrant of Athens, killed by his troops. =Archidēmus=, a Stoic philosopher, who willingly exiled himself among the Parthians. _Plutarch_, _de Exilio_. =Archidēus=, a son of Amyntas king of Macedonia. _Justin_, bk. 7, ch. 4. =Archidium=, a city of Crete, named after Archidius son of Tegeates. _Pausanias_, bk. 8, ch. 53. =Archigallus=, the high priest of Cybele’s temple. _See:_ Galli. =Archigĕnes=, a physician, born at Apamea in Syria. He lived in the reign of Domitian, Nerva, and Trajan, and died in the 73rd year of his age. He wrote a treatise on adorning the hair, as also 10 books on fevers. _Juvenal_, satire 6, li. 235.