=Ariomēdes=, a pilot of Xerxes. =Arīon=, a famous lyric poet and musician, son of Cyclos of Methymna, in the island of Lesbos. He went into Italy with Periander tyrant of Corinth, where he obtained immense riches by his profession. Some time after, he wished to revisit his country; and the sailors of the ship in which he embarked resolved to murder him, to obtain the riches which he was carrying to Lesbos. Arion, seeing them inflexible in their resolution, begged that he might be permitted to play some melodious tune; and as soon as he had finished it, he threw himself into the sea. A number of dolphins had been attracted round the ship by the sweetness of his music; and it is said that one of them carried him safe on his back to Tænarus, whence he hastened to the court of Periander, who ordered all the sailors to be crucified at their return. _Hyginus_, fable 194.――_Herodotus_, bk. 1, chs. 23 & 24.――_Ælian_, _de Natura Animalium_, bk. 13, ch. 45. ――_Silius Italicus_, bk. 11.――_Propertius_, bk. 2, poem 26, li. 17. ――_Plutarch_, _Convivium Septem Sapientium_.――――A horse, sprung from Ceres and Neptune. Ceres, when she travelled over the world in quest of her daughter Proserpine, had taken the figure of a mare, to avoid the importuning addresses of Neptune. The god changed himself also into a horse, and from their union arose a daughter called Hera, and the horse Arion, which had the power of speech, the feet on the right side like those of a man, and the rest of the body like a horse. Arion was brought up by the Nereides, who often harnessed him to his father’s chariot, which he drew over the sea with uncommon swiftness. Neptune gave him to Copreus, who presented him to Hercules. Adrastus king of Argos received him as a present from Hercules and with this wonderful animal he won the prize at the Nemæan games. Arion, therefore, is often called the horse of Adrastus. _Pausanias_, bk. 8, ch. 25.――_Propertius_, bk. 2, poem 34, li. 37.――_Apollodorus_, bk. 3, ch. 6. =Ariovistus=, a king of Germany, who professed himself a friend of Rome. When Cæsar was in Gaul, Ariovistus marched against him, and was conquered with the loss of 80,000 men. _Cæsar_, _Gallic War_, bk. 1.――_Tacitus_, _Histories_, bk. 4. =Aris=, a river of Messenia. _Pausanias_, bk. 4, ch. 31. =Arisba=, a town of Lesbos, destroyed by an earthquake. _Pliny_, bk. 5, ch. 31.――――A colony of the Mityleneans in Troas, destroyed by the Trojans before the coming of the Greeks. _Virgil_, _Æneid_, bk. 9, li. 264.――_Homer_, _Iliad_, bk. 7.――――The name of Priam’s first wife, divorced that the monarch might marry Hecuba. =Aristænĕtus=, a writer whose epistles have been beautifully edited by Abresch. Zwollæ, 1749. =Aristæum=, a city of Thrace at the foot of mount Hæmus. _Pliny_, bk. 4, ch. 11.