=Aristomĕnes=, a commander of the fleet of Darius on the Hellespont, conquered by the Macedonians. _Curtius_, bk. 4, ch. 1.――――A famous general of Messenia, who encouraged his countrymen to shake off the Lacedæmonian yoke under which they had laboured for above 30 years. He once defended the virtue of some Spartan women, whom his soldiers had attempted; and when he was taken prisoner and carried to Sparta, the women whom he had protected interested themselves so warmly in his cause that they procured his liberty. He refused to assume the title of king, but was satisfied with that of commander. He acquired the surname of _Just_, from his equity, to which he joined the true valour, sagacity, and perseverance of a general. He often entered Sparta without being known and was so dexterous in eluding the vigilance of the Lacedæmonians, who had taken him captive, that he twice escaped from them. As he attempted to do it a third time, he was unfortunately killed, and his body being opened, his heart was found all covered with hair. He died 671 years B. C., and it is said that he left dramatical pieces behind him. _Diodorus_, bk. 15. ――_Pausanias_, _Messenia_.――――A Spartan sent to the assistance of Dionysius. _Polyænus_, bk. 2. =Ariston=, the son of Agasicles king of Sparta. Being unable to raise children by two wives, he married another famous for her beauty, by whom he had, after seven months, a son Demaratus, whom he had the impudence to call not his own. _Herodotus_, bk. 6, ch. 61, &c.――――A general of Ætolia.――――A sculptor.――――A Corinthian who assisted the Syracusans against the Athenians.――――An officer in Alexander’s army.――――A tyrant of Methymna, who, being ignorant that Chios had surrendered to the Macedonians, entered into the harbour, and was taken and put to death. _Curtius_, bk. 4, ch. 9.――――A philosopher of Chios, pupil to Zeno the stoic, and founder of a sect which continued but a little while. He supported that the nature of the divinity is unintelligible. It is said that he died by the heat of the sun, which fell too powerfully upon his bald head. In his old age he was much given to sensuality. _Diogenes Laërtius._――――A lawyer in Trajan’s reign, whose eulogium has been written by Pliny, ltr. 22, bk. 1.――――A peripatetic philosopher of Alexandria, who wrote concerning the course of the Nile. _Strabo._――――A wrestler of Argos, under whom Plato performed some exercises.――――A musician of Athens.――――A tragic poet.――――A peripatetic of Cos.――――A native of Pella, in the age of Adrian, who wrote on the rebellion of the Jews. =Aristonautæ=, the naval dock of Pellene. _Pausanias_, bk. 2.