=Artabānus=, son of Hystaspes, was brother to Darius I. He dissuaded his nephew Xerxes from making war against the Greeks, and at his return, he assassinated him with the hopes of ascending the throne. Darius the son of Xerxes was murdered in a similar manner; and Artaxerxes his brother would have shared the same fate, had not he discovered the snares of the assassin, and punished him with death. _Diodorus_, bk. 11.――_Justin_, bk. 3, ch. 1, &c.――_Herodotus_, bk. 4, ch. 38; bk. 7, ch. 10, &c.――――A king of Parthia, after the death of his nephew Phraates II. He undertook a war against a nation of Scythia, in which he perished. His son Mithridates succeeded him, and merited the appellation of Great. _Justin_, bk. 42, ch. 2.――――A king of Media, and afterwards of Parthia, after the expulsion of Vonones, whom Tiberius had made king there. He invaded Armenia, from whence he was driven away by one of the generals of Tiberius. He was expelled from his throne, which Tiridates usurped; and some time after he was restored again to his ancient power, and died A.D. 48. _Tacitus_, _Annals_, bk. 5, &c.――――A king of Parthia, very inimical to the interest of Vespasian.――――Another king of Parthia, who made war against the emperor Caracalla, who had attempted his life on pretence of courting his daughter. He was murdered, and the power of Parthia abolished, and the crown transferred to the Persian monarchs. _Dio Cassius._――_Herodian._ =Artabazānes=, or =Artamĕnes=, the eldest son of Darius, when a private person. He attempted to succeed to the Persian throne, in preference to Xerxes. _Justin._ =Artabāzus=, a son of Pharnaces, general in the army of Xerxes. He fled from Greece upon the ill success of Mardonius. _Herodotus_, bks. 7, 8, & 9.――――A general who made war against Artaxerxes, and was defeated. He was afterwards reconciled to his prince, and became the familiar friend of Darius III. After the murder of this prince, he surrendered himself up with his sons to Alexander, who treated him with much humanity and confidence. _Curtius_, bk. 5, chs. 9 & 12; bk. 6, ch. 5; bk. 7, chs. 3 & 5; bk. 8, ch. 1.――――An officer of Artaxerxes against Datames. _Diodorus_, bk. 15. =Artabri= and =Artabrĭtæ=, a people of Lusitania, who received their name from Artabrum, a promontory on the coast of Spain, now called _Finisterre_. _Silius Italicus_, bk. 3, li. 362. =Artacæas=, an officer in the army of Xerxes, the tallest of all the troops, the king excepted. =Artacæna=, a city of Asia, near Aria. =Artăce=, a town and seaport near Cyzicus. It did not exist in the age of Pliny. There was in its neighbourhood a fountain called Artacia. _Herodotus_, bk. 4, ch. 14.――_Procopius_, _The Persian War_, bk. 1, ch. 25.――_Strabo_, bk. 13.――_Pliny_, bk. 5, ch. 32.――――A city of Phrygia.――――A fortified place of Bithynia.