1856.--During this year the practice of paying tithing was generally introduced among the Saints in Europe. During the winter and spring there was a great scarcity of food in Utah, and many domestic animals perished. _September_ 26. The first company of Saints, who crossed the plains with handcarts, arrived. 1857.--_April_ 23. A company of about seventy missionary elders left Salt Lake City to cross the plains with handcarts. _July_ 11. A. Cumming, of Georgia, was appointed governor of Utah. _July_ 23. Messrs. J. Stoddard and A. O. Smoot arrived from Independence without the mails, the postmaster there having received orders not to forward them. They brought the news that General Harney, with over 2000 men, was ordered to Utah. Near the close of the year, the U. S. army, under General Johnson, took possession of Fort Bridger. 1858.--_March_ 21. The citizens of Utah, living north of Utah County, agreed to abandon their homes and move south. This was deemed advisable as a defensive measure. In the meantime Col. Thos. L. Kane had arrived in Salt Lake City, via California, for the purpose of bringing about a peaceful solution of the difficulties between the U. S. and Utah. _April_ 19. Gov. Cumming and Col. Kane visited the Utah library, where they were shown the records and seal of the U.S. court, which was said to have been destroyed. _June_ 7. Messrs. Powell and McCullough, sent out as peace commissioners, by the general government, arrived in Salt Lake City. _June_ 26. The "Army of Utah," under Col. Johnson, passed through Salt Lake City and camped on the west side of the river Jordan. _June_ 30. The people who had moved south began to return to their homes. _October_ 28. Jacob Hamblin, with eleven men, left Southern Utah to open intercourse with the Indians on the east side of the river Colorado. 1861.--_April_ 23. Two hundred wagons, with four yoke of cattle each, carrying 15,000 pounds of flour, started for the Missouri river, to bring the poor of the Saints to Utah. _October_ 18. President B. Young sent the first message over the overland wire to the U.S. _October_ 24. The first telegram was sent to San Francisco. In the autumn of this year a large colony of Saints was sent to southern Utah. 1862.--_October_ 24. Camp Douglas, near Salt Lake City, was located by Col. P. E. Connor. 1863.--Col. P. E. Connor defeated a band of the Shoshone Indians near Bear river. _March_ 3. Great mass meeting held in the Tabernacle, Salt Lake City, to protest against the infamous course of U.S. officials. 1864.--_April_ 10. Moves were made for building a telegraph line in Utah. 1866.--_January_ 1. The first number of the "Juvenile Instructor" was issued in Salt Lake City. 1867.--The Deseret Telegraph Company was organized. 1868.--_June_ 19.--Ground was broken in Weber Canyon, on the U. P. Railroad. _October_ 16. Co-operative Mercantile Institution was organized. B. Young, president.