Formerly, as already intimated, some of our streets were named from the
trades of those who occupied them. Thus there were Saddlers’ Gate, now
White Lion Street; Wastelgate, now Red Lion Street; Cordwainers’ Row, now
part of the Walk; Goldsmiths’ Row, north side of the Market; Hosiers’
Row, in part of London Street; Cutlers’ Row, in part of London Street;
Hatters’ Row, now St. Giles’ Street; Dyers’ Row, in St. Lawrence Street;
and Pottergate Street, still so called. The Cloth Hall stood in the
Haymarket; and on the west side were the Butchery, the Fishmarket, and
various other rows, where articles of food were sold.
OLD WALLS AND GATES.
R. FITCH, ESQ., is the very best authority respecting the old walls and
gates, of which he made a study for many years; and in 1861 he published
a very handsome illustrated volume entitled, “Views of the Gates of
Norwich made in the years 1792–3, by the late John Ninham; with an
Historical Introduction, Extracts from the Corporation Records, and
Papers by the late John Kirkpatrick, contributed to the Transactions of
the Norfolk and Norwich Archæological Society, by Robert Fitch, F.S.A.,
F.G.S.” The author says:—
“The history of the walls of Norwich is a history of the gate houses,
and in speaking of the origin of the first we include that of the
second. In 1294, being the 23rd Edward I., the first mural tax was
granted, and continued three years. A second tax succeeded this, and
in 1304 a third tax was imposed, to continue in operation for five
years. In the 11th of Edward II., a fourth tax of the like nature
was allowed; and in two years after, namely in 1319, the walls of
Norwich were completed.”
“When the thickness and extent of the fortifications of this city are
considered, it cannot be thought surprising that a period of 25 years
elapsed before these mural defences were finished, so far as to
render no additional tax necessary. It must not, however, be
considered that no other pecuniary assistance was required towards
the work. The citizens themselves manifested the greatest interest
in the subject; and the ancient books of account contain not only
entries of money expended on the walls and gates, but also register
the private contributions of persons towards the same object and for
necessary reparation.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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