[Footnote 322: The Sihah of Jouhari (who died 397 or 398), the Asas of Zamakhshire (born 467, died 538 A.H.), Lisanul-Arab of Ibn Mokarram (born 630, died 711), and Kamoos of Fyrozabadee (born 729, died 816), _vide_ Lane's Arabic-English Lexicon, Book I, Part II, page 473.] [Footnote 323: The Misbah by Fayoomee (finished 734 A.H.), _vide_ Lane's Arabic-English Lexicon, Book I, Part II, page 473.] [Footnote 324: Sihah, Asas, Ibnel Atheer Jezree, author of Nihayeh (died 606), the Mughrib of Almotarrazi (born 536, died 610), the Misbah and Kamoos, _vide_ Lane, _ibid_, page 474.] [Footnote 325: _Vide_ Rodwell's Translation of the Koran _in loco_.] [Footnote 326: _Vide_ Lane's Arabic-English Lexicon _in loco_.] [Footnote 327: The Assemblies of Al Hariri, translated from the Arabic by Thomas Chenry, M.A., Vol. I, Introduction, p. 67. William and Norgate, 1867.] [Footnote 328: In the treaty of Medina, which was made as early as the second year of the Hejira, the word Jihad is used, regarding which Sir W. Muir says:--"This word came subsequently to have exclusively the technical signification of Jihad or _crusade_ or _fighting_ for the Faith. If we give it this signification here, it would involve the clause in the suspicion of being a later addition; for as yet we have no distinct development of the intention of Mahomet to impose his religion on others by force: it would have been dangerous, in the present state of parties, to advance this principle. The word is sometimes used in the more general sense in the Coran; Sura XXIX, 5, 69; XX, 77, and a few other places."--Muir's Life of Mahomet, Vol. III, p. 32. Again he says with reference to Sura II, v. 215, which also contains the same word: "The word (_Jihad_) is the same as that subsequently used for a religious war, but it had not yet probably acquired its fixed application. It was applied in its _general_ sense before the Hejira, and probably up to the battle of Badr."--_Ibid_, p. 74, footnote.] [Footnote 329: This Sura is generally said to have been revealed at Mecca, but this is probably only the case as regards verses 1, 24, 43, 56, 60, 65, 67, 75. Mr. Muir places it at the close of the Meccan Suras of the fifth period. See Nold, p. 158; Rev. Rodwell, p. 500.] [Footnote 330: _Vide_ Muir's Life of Mahomet, Vol. III, 74.] [Footnote 331: _Ibid, footnote._] [Footnote 332: _Vide_ Sura LXXII, 9; XVII, 69.] [Footnote 333: _i.e._, from Mecca when driven out of it by the Meccans in your persecution.] [Footnote 334: The Life of Mahomet, Vol. IV, p. 114.] [Footnote 335: _Kitabul Jihad_, _Maghazi_ and _Tafseer_.] APPENDIX B. SLAVERY AND CONCUBINE-SLAVES AS CONCOMITANT EVILS OF WAR. [Sidenote: Slavery and concubinage not allowed by the Koran.]