A Critical Exposition of the Popular 'Jihád': Showing that all the Wars of Mohammad Were Defensive; and; that Aggressive War, or Compulsory Conversion, is not; Allowed in The Koran - 1885Cherágh Ali
Islamic
A Critical Exposition of the Popular 'Jihád': Showing that all the Wars of Mohammad Were Defensive; and; that Aggressive War, or Compulsory Conversion, is not; Allowed in The Koran - 1885
Cherágh Ali
Islam -- Apologetic works; Islam -- Relations; Jihad; War -- Religious aspects -- Islam
24. The story copied by commentators that Mohammad had accidentally seen
Zeinab and admired her is traced to Mukatil,[376] a commentator of the
Koran in the second century, who died at Basra 150 A.H. "The doctors
(_in traditions_)," writes Ibn Khallikan in his Biographical Dictionary,
translated by Slane, "differ in opinion respecting Mukatil: some declare
that, as a traditionist, he was worthy of confidence, and others accused
him of falsehood."
... Ahmed bin Saiyar says:--
"Mukatil Ibn Sulaiman, a native of Balkh, went to Marw, whence he
proceeded to Irak. His veracity is suspected; his Traditions should be
left aside and declarations should be rejected. Speaking of the divine
attributes, he said things which it would be sinful to repeat." Ibrahim
Ibn Yakub-al-Juz-Jani called Mukatil an audacious liar. Abu Abd
ar-Rahman an Nasai said:--"Liars notorious for forging Traditions and
passing them off as coming from the Prophet were four in number: Ibn Abi
Yahya, at Medina; Al-Wakidi, at Baghdad; Mukatil Ibn Sulaiman, in
Khorasan; and Muhammad Ibn Said, surnamed _Al-Maslub_, in Syria." Waki
Ibn al-Jarrah said of Mukatil that he was a confirmed liar. Abu Bakr
al-Ajurri said: "I asked Abu Dawud Sulaiman Ibn al Ashath concerning
Mukatil, and he answered:--'All Traditions given by him should be
rejected.' According to Omar Ibn al-Ghallas, Mukatil Ibn Sulaiman was a
liar, and his traditions were to be rejected." "As for Mukatil Ibn
Sulaiman," said Al-Bukhari, "pass him over in silence." In another
place, he says of him: "He is just nothing at all." Yahya Ibn Moin
declared that Mukatil's traditions were of no value; and Ahmad Ibn
Hanbal said: "As for Mukatil Ibn Sulaiman, the author of the Commentary,
I should not like to cite anything on his authority." "His Traditions
are to be rejected," said Abu Hatim ar-Razi. According to Zakariya Ibn
Yahya as-Saji, people said of Mukatil Ibn Sulaiman, the native of
Khorasan, "that he was a liar, and that his traditions should be
rejected."[377]
[Sidenote: Ikrama.]
Ikrama (died 107 A.H.), another liar, had only surmised before Mukatil
that Mohammad might have admired Zeinab. His words, as related by the
traditionists, Abd bin Hamid and Ibn-al-Munzar, are "as if she had
fallen deep in his mind."[378] But Mukatil has converted this hazardous
conjecture into a fact.
Abd Allah Ibn al-Harith relates as follows:--
"I went to visit Ali, the son of Abd Allah Ibu Abbas, and I saw
Ikrama tied up at the door of a privy, on which I said: 'Is it thus
that you treat your slave?' To which he replied. 'Know that that
fellow has told lies of my father.'"[379]
[Sidenote: Mohammad bin Yahya.]
Mohammad bin Yahya bin Habban[380] (died 121 A.H.) has also given the
tradition of Mohammad's admiring Zeinab at Zeid's house, but does not
give his authority. He was not a contemporary narrator, therefore his
narration is apocryphal and technically _Mursal_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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