A Day in Old Athens; a Picture of Athenian LifeDavis, William Stearns
History
A Day in Old Athens; a Picture of Athenian Life
Davis, William Stearns
Athens (Greece) -- Social life and customs
“Let there be silence,” he commands (lest any unlucky word be spoken);
and in a stillness broken only by the auspicious twittering of the
sparrows amid the Parthenon gables, he takes barley corns from a
basket, an sprinkles them on the altar and over the lamb. With his
sacred knife he cuts a lock of hair from the victims head and casts it
on the fire. Promptly now the helper comes forward to complete the
sacrifice. Phormion and his friends are a little anxious. Will the
lamb take fright, hang back, and have to be dragged to its unwilling
death? The clever attendant has cared for that. A sweet truss of
dried clover is lying just under the altar. The lamb starts forward,
bleating joyously. As it bows its head[*] as if consenting to its fate
the priest stabs it dexterously in the neck with his keen blade. The
helper claps a bowl under the neck to catch the spurting blood. A
flute player in readiness, but hitherto silent, suddenly strikes up a
keen blast to drown the dying moans of the animal. Hardly has the lamb
ceased to struggle before the priest and the helper have begun to cut
it up then and there. Certain bits of the fat and small pieces from
each limb are laid upon the altar, and promptly consumed. These are
the goddess’s peculiar portion, and the credulous at least believe that
she, though unseen, is present to eat thereof; certainly the sniff of
the burning meat is grateful to her divine nostrils. The priest and
the helpers are busy taking off the hide and securing the best
joint—these are their “fees” for professional services. All the rest
will be duly gathered up by Phormion’s body servant and borne home,—for
Phormion will give a fine feast on “sacred mutton” that night.[+]
[*] If a larger animal—an ox—failed to bow its head auspiciously, the
omen could be rectified by suddenly splashing a little water in the
ears.
[+] As already suggested (section 159) a sacrifice (public, or, if on a
large scale, private) was about the only occasion on which Athenians
tasted beef, pork, or mutton.
[Illustration: Sacrificing a Pig]
Meantime, while the goddess’s portion burns, Phormion approaches the
altar, bearing a shallow cup of unmixed wine, and flings it upon the
flame.
“Be propitious, O Lady,” he cries, “and receive this my drink
offering.”[*]
[*] The original intention of this libation at the sacrifice was very
clearly to provide the gods with wine to “wash down” their meat.
The sacrifice is now completed. The priest assures Phormion that the
entrails of the victim foretokened every possible favor in future
athletic contests—and this, and his insinuating smile, win him a silver
drachma to supplement his share of the lamb. Phormion readjusts the
chaplet upon his own head, and turns towards the Parthenon. After the
sacrifice will come the prayer.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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