I. Improvisation, talents needful for, 400 tendencies of, 401 Indulgence to Ferrara, 48 Innocent X., Pope, 351 his early preferments, 352 election to the papacy, 353 his death, 360 Innspruck, Charles V. in winter quarters at, 169 Interim, the, 135 Isabella Orsini, 228 her character, 241 her death, 248 judgment of history on her, 249 Italy loses her pre–eminence of civilisation, 123 Italian nature, dramatic, 206 J. Joan of Austria, marriage with Francesco de' Medici, 231 her unhappy position, 237, 241, 271 her extravagance, 272 has a son, _ib._ her death, 282 Joan, Pope, story of, 346 Julius II., Pope, designs on Ferrara, 50 Julius III., Pope, 114 L. Ladies, learned, their number in the sixteenth century, 1 Lavinia della Rovere, her friendship with Olympia Morata, 101 her religious inquiries and indifferentism, 102 visits Fannio in his prison, 116 her faithful friendship, 120 not happy, 132 Leo X., Pope, his designs on Ferrara, 50 Letters, difficulty of sending from Germany to Italy, 156 L'Humore of Bologna, anecdote of, 17 Lintz, Chair of Medicine there offered to Grünthler, 165 Literature, safe, princes who patronise, 397 Lucia Tolomelli, the maid in the Sirani family, 374 her troubles with her mistress, 375 her escapade with the tinker, 376 imprisoned in the poor–house, 377 her fairings, _ib._ suspected of poisoning E. Sirani, 383 grounds of suspicion, 384 claimed by the church, 385 her second arrest and examination, _ib._ her defence, 386 her exile, 387 Lucrezia Borgia, her marriage, 37, 42 her previous character, 38 defended by Roscoe, 39 moral phenomenon, 41 entry into Ferrara, 46 evening of her life and death, 51 contrasted with Duchess Renée, 59 M. Macchiavelli, his comedy "Mandragola," 210 Malvasia, his history of E. Sirani, 391 Marco, St. Piazza of, in Florence, 225 Casino di, 229 Marot, Clement, at Ferrara, 75 his lines on Duchess Renée, 76 Martelli, Camilla, 228, 240 comes out of her convent–prison, 321 Martinetti, his history, 335 Material prosperity disclaimed as an object by Catholic writers, 30 Mattaselani, Dr., his evidence respecting E. Sirani's death, 387 Maurice, Elector of Saxony, 170 Medici family, domestic tragedy, 227 Michiel, Giovanni, envoy from Venice to Florence, 297 Mondragone, Marchesa, arranges meeting of Francesco and Bianca, 229, 230 Montaigne, his description of Bianca Cappello, 226