A Discourse Presented to the Most Serene Don Cosimo II., Great Duke of Tuscany, Concerning the Natation of Bodies Vpon, and Submersion In, the Water.Galilei, Galileo
Science
A Discourse Presented to the Most Serene Don Cosimo II., Great Duke of Tuscany, Concerning the Natation of Bodies Vpon, and Submersion In, the Water.
Galilei, Galileo
Hydrostatics; Specific gravity
But _Democritus_ notes, that this Cause only takes place when we
treat of raising and sustaining of Plates of Matters, but very little
heavier than the water, or extreamly thin: but in Matters very grave,
and of some thickness, as Plates of Lead or other Mettal, that same
Effect wholly ceaseth: In Testimony of which, let's observe that such
Plates, being raised by the Fiery Atomes, ascend through all the depth
of the water, and stop at the Confines of the Air, still staying under
water: but the Plates of the Opponents stay not, but only when they
have their upper Superficies dry, nor is there any means to be used,
that when they are within the water, they may not sink to the bottom.
The cause, therefore, of the Supernatation of the things of which
_Democritus_ speaks is one, and that of the Supernatation of the
things of which we speak is another. But, returning to _Aristotle_[86],
methinks that he hath more weakly confuted _Democritus_, than
_Democritus_ himself hath done: For _Aristotle_ having propounded the
Objection which he maketh against him, and opposed him with saying,
that if the calid ascendent Corpuscles were those that raised the thin
Plate, much more then would such a Solid be raised and born upwards
through the Air, it sheweth that the desire in _Aristotle_ to detect
_Democritus_, was predominate over the exquisiteness of Solid
Philosophizing: which desire of his he hath discovered in other
occasions, and that we may not digress too far from this place, in the
Text precedent to this Chapter which we have in hand[87]; where he
attempts to confute the same _Democritus_ for that he, not contenting
himself with names only, had essayed more particularly to declare what
things Gravity and Levity were; that is, the Causes of descending and
ascending, (and had introduced Repletion and Vacuity) ascribing this
to Fire, by which it moves upwards, and that to the Earth, by which it
descends; afterwards attributing to the Air more of Fire, and to the
water more of Earth. But _Aristotle_ desiring a positive Cause, even
of ascending Motion, and not as _Plato_, or these others, a simple
negation, or privation, such as Vacuity would be in reference to
Repletion[88], argueth against _Democritus_ and saith: If it be true, as
you suppose, then there shall be a great Mass of water, which shall
have more of Fire, than a small Mass of Air, and a great Mass of Air,
which shall have more of Earth than a little Mass of water, whereby it
would ensue, that a great Mass of Air, should come more swiftly
downwards, than a little quantity of water: But that is never in any
case soever: Therefore _Democritus_ discourseth erroneously.
[86] _Aristotle_ shews his desire of finding _Democritus_ in an
Error, to exceed that of discovering Truth.
[87] Cap. 5. Text 41.
[88] Id. ibid.
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